"Indigenous" Bankers in Iran at the End of the Nineteenth Century

世纪末，伊朗出现了新型的本土银行家，这些银行家成长迅速，但在经营规模上远远落后于在伊朗创办的英俄银行。俄罗斯银行为了打败英国银行，在没有担保的情况下，把大量的钱借给了有影响力的伊朗人。英国银行通过对外汇市场的控制影响了当地银行家，许多当地银行家很快就破产了。

At the end of the nineteenth century, new-type indigenous bankers appeared in Iran.These bankers grew rapidly, but they were far behind the British and Russian banks, which were founded in Iran, in the scale of operation. The Russian bank lent a large amount of money without security to the influential iranians in order to defeat the British bank. The British bank influenced the indigenous bankers through its control over the foreign exchange market.Many indigenous bankers went bankrupt before long.