Molecular switches and genetic consequences of grain retention in cereals

谷物中谷物保留的分子开关和遗传后果

• 批准号: DP220102271
• 负责人: Dr Mohammad Pourkheirandish
• 金额: $ 30.04万
• 依托单位: The University of Melbourne
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: Discovery Projects
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2022-11-10 至 2025-11-09
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://dataportal.arc.gov.au/RGS/Web/Grants/DP220102271
• 关键词: Molecular; switches; genetic; consequences; grain

Grain retention at maturity was key for crop domestication and laid the basis for farming. Wheat and barley have evolved a novel mechanism for ensuring grain retention and, although the genes are known, the mechanisms for action are not. Grain dispersal in the wild relatives involves highly targeted changes in the walls of a small number of cells. This project will explore how the two identified genes control this process and clarify their mode of action. The genes ensuring grain retention have been so critical for domestication that the region surrounding them has become genetically fixed. The project will assess the implication of fixation on genetic diversity and develop options to bring novel variation into breeding programs.

成熟后的籽粒保留是作物驯化的关键，是农业生产的基础。小麦和大麦已经进化出一种确保谷物保留的新机制，尽管这些基因是已知的，但其作用机制尚不清楚。谷物在野生近缘种中的传播涉及到少数细胞壁的高度靶向性变化。该项目将探索这两个已确定的基因如何控制这一过程，并阐明它们的作用模式。确保谷物保留的基因对驯化非常重要，以至于它们周围的区域在基因上已经固定了。该项目将评估固定遗传多样性的含义，并开发将新变异引入育种计划的选择。