Defensive action in oral cavity of human salivary peptide, histatins

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1. Characterization of human salivary histatinsHuman salivary histatins 1 and 3 were coded by HIS 1 and HIS 2. But proof of gene which code histatin 5 is still lacking. I demonstrated that histatin 5 was produced by alpha-chymotrypsin from histatin 3 in vitro.2. Effects of histatins on lipoteichoic acid (LTA)Histatins were directly bound to LTA which was constituent of gram-positive bacterial cell wall. They were found to neutrarize for the LTA-induced various biological activities.3. A rapid purification of lysozymeI developed a rapid and simple method of the purification of lysozyme from human mixed saliva using heparin-affinity chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Molecular weight of salivary lysozyme was 14,690, and its activity was three-fold higher than that of egg-white lysozyme.4. Bacterial aggregation induced by histatins and its enhancement of lysozymeI found that salivary histatins induced bacterial aggregation, and lysozyme enhanced the aggregation. These findings suggest that salivary lysozyme may facilitate the clerance of bacteria from the oral cavity by means of the aggregation with histatins.