The Effect of Human Relationship on the Experimentally Evoked Pain Threshold

1.本研究证实，病人-护士关系量表（Fukai & Sugita，1994）是一个可靠和有效的工具，不仅可以准确地评估病人和护士之间的关系，而且还可以评估其他人际关系.当研究者与受试者之间关系融洽时，皮肤冷刺激期间诱导的痛阈较高。这表明冷刺激时的疼痛耐受阈值受到人际关系的影响。在冷刺激应激镇痛过程中，血清中ACTH、β-内啡肽、肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素暂时升高。当研究者和受试者之间关系融洽时，这种倾向更加明显。在电刺激过程中，男性的疼痛耐受阈值高于女性。两个女性群体，那些知道和那些不知道调查人员的人之间的阈值没有显著差异。局部出汗量和心率的反应表明，在护理过程中的人的互动越大，更大的自主神经反应。这些反应还表明，当由异性或陌生人护士进行护理时，患者会更加紧张。当病人与护士为异性或彼此熟悉时，护理效果更佳.作者拟用实验性疼痛法研究慢性疼痛患者与非慢性疼痛患者痛阈的差异及镇痛护理的效果。调查还将包括性别和人际关系之间的差异。

1. This study confirmed that the Client-Nurse Relationship Scale (Fukai & Sugita, 1994) is a reliable and valid tool that accurately assesses relationships between not only patient and nurse but also other human relationships.2. The pain threshold induced during cold stimulation of the skin was higher when there was rapport between the investigator and the subject. This indicated that the pain tolerance threshold during cold stimulation is affected by human relationships. ACTH,beta-endorphin, Adrenaline and Noradrenaline in the blood serum temporarily increased during the stress induced analgesia by cold stimulation. This tendency was more pronounced when there was rapport between the investigator and the subject.3. The pain tolerance threshold was higher in males than females during electrical stimulation. There was no significant difference in the threshold between the two female groups, those who knew and those who did not know the investigators. The responses in local sweat volume and heart rate indicated that the greater the human interaction during nursing care, the greater the autonomic nervous reaction. These responses also suggested that patients were more nervous when care was administered by nurses of the opposite sex or strangers. Likewise, care was more effective when patient and nurse were the opposite sex or were acquainted with each other.4. The authors plan to study the differences of pain thresholds and the effects of analgesic nursing care in persons with and without chronic pain using experimentally induced pain. The investigation also will include differences between sexes and human relationships.