A Basic Study Investigating Evidences of Nursing Techniques

本研究的目的是调查护理技术的证据，以促进循证护理的运动。我们在清洁、感染控制、休养环境、膳食支持和疼痛管理等方面进行了研究，得出以下结论：1)手在39℃的热水中浸泡10分钟，即使在手浸泡结束后，用干毛巾覆盖的双手皮肤温度至少30分钟也会升高1度以上。2)浸泡热水后手敷药膏，保持手皮肤的湿度和其他生理功能。有必要制定一项教育计划，使学生养成洗手的习惯。4)床单的吸湿性较低，会导致床上气候变差，褥疮。5)人说话的声音大，超过70分贝，会增加不愉快的感觉和交感神经紧张。不吃饭不仅会引起疲劳症状，还会引起心理上的影响。将一只手浸泡在热水中可以减轻另一只手的刺痛。8)护理动作引起的声音，特别是长而响亮的声音，减轻了疼痛。由于SNA可引起短暂的应激性身体反应，护士应在给予病人护理之前解释SNA，并注意避免不必要的噪音。9)四种基本口味中的甜味和酸味减轻了实验疼痛。10) 38℃以上热敷可减轻实验性刺痛。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the evidences of nursing techniques, in order to promote a movement toward Evidence-Based Nursing. We performed several researches to require evidences in the field of cleanliness, infection control, recuperation environment, meal support, and pain management, and obtained the following conclusions.1)Immersing a hand in hot water at 39℃ for 10 min increased the skin temperatures of both hands, which were covered by dry towels, by more than one degree for at least 30 min even after the end of hand immersing.2)A hand applied medical cream after immersing hot water kept its humidity and other physiological functions of the hand skin.3)It is necessary to develop an educational program to make students wash hands habitually.4)The materials of bed sheets, which are lowly hygroscopic, could cause worse bed climate and bed sores.5)Loud human talking voice, at more than 70 dB, could increase unpleasant feeling and sympathetic nervous tension.6)Skipping meals caused not only fatigue symptoms but also psychological affects.7)Immersing a hand in hot water alleviated the pricking pain of the other hand.8)The sounds induced by nursing actions(SNA), especially long and loud ones, alleviated pain. Since SNA can cause transient stressful physical responses, nurses should explain about SNA before giving patient cares and be careful to avoid needless noises.9)Sweet and sour tastes out of the four basic tastes alleviated experimental pain.10)A hot compress at more than 38℃ can alleviate experimentally induced pricking pain.