The historical-geographical study of the relationship between the regional difference of cotton growing and the coditon of irrigation in Nara basin in Edo period.

江户时代奈良盆地棉花种植区域差异与灌溉方式关系的历史地理研究

• 批准号: 07680164
• 负责人: IWASAKI Kimiya
• 金额: $ 0.9万
• 依托单位: Aichi University of Education
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07680164/
• 关键词: Edo period; cotton growing; Yamato basin; Nara basin; pond irrigation; cotton growing in paddy field; historical geography; 近世綿作; 綿作率; 溜池灌漑; 綿作率の地域差; 田畑輪換; 節水農法; からけ作

It is known that the cotton growing in Nara basin was performed in paddy field and it declined by several affairs. But such decline didn't occur uniformly in Nara basin. Why such regional diffrence occured? This study aims to make clear such regional diffrence from the point of the condition of irrigation.In this study I found the ratio of cotton growing of many villages in Nara basin and studied the regional diffrence. It was found that the ratio of cotton growing in paddy field was the highest in Toichi, Shikijou county, higher in Yamabe, Soekaki county. Secondly I divided into four types of transition of cotton growing as following. The first type is that cotton growing in paddy field declined in early time in Edo period. The reason is thought that these area was rich on condition of irrigation so that they could change cotton to rice growing. The second type is that cotton growing declined at end of Edo period. in these area they constructed new pond or repaired old pond and by doing it hte condion of irrigation changed for the better. The third type is that cotton growing became active tempolary in the late Edo period. In this type there were no relationship between cotton growing and irrigation condition except for the influence of the destroy of pond bank by the earthquake in the late Edo period. The last type is that the same ratio of cotton growing was kept in Edo period. In this type the improvement of irrigation was not done in Edo period. It is guessed that the regional difference of cotton growing in Nara basin has some relationships with the condition of pond irrigation.

奈良盆地的棉花种植主要是在稻田中进行的，并且由于几次事件而衰退。但这种下降在奈良盆地并不是一致的。为什么会出现这样的区域差异？本研究旨在从灌溉条件的角度明确这种区域差异，在本研究中，我找到了奈良流域许多村庄的棉花种植比例，并研究了区域差异。结果表明，稻田种植棉花的比例以四季条县东市最高，其次是山边县、总垣县。其次，将棉花种植的转型分为以下四种类型。第一种类型是江户时代稻田棉花种植的早期衰退。其原因被认为是这些地区在灌溉条件下很富裕，因此他们可以将棉花种植改为水稻种植。第二种类型是江户时代末期棉花种植衰退。在这些地区，他们修建了新池塘或修复了旧池塘，从而改善了灌溉条件。第三种是江户后期棉花种植活跃的时期。在这一类型中，棉花的生长与灌溉条件无关，除了受江户后期地震破坏池塘堤岸的影响外。第三种类型是江户时期棉花种植比例保持不变。在这种类型中，灌溉的改进在江户时代没有进行。推测奈良盆地棉花种植的区域差异与池塘灌溉条件有关。