A basic study for constructing the model of infant's cognitive development : as examples of the domains of biology and physics.

今年是我研究的最后一年，总结了这三年的成果，首先，对有关婴儿对生物学（朴素生物学）和物理学（朴素物理学）的理解的论文进行了回顾，结果表明，婴儿通过特殊的学习，通过相对较少的经验，获得了生物学和物理学的框架理论。这也说明了幼儿朴素生物学理论与朴素物理学理论的差异。研究结果表明，婴儿对朴素物理学的建构早于对朴素生物学的建构。其次，为了验证这一事实，收集了有关婴儿对事物起源的理解的数据。数据显示，婴儿对它的理解是绝对的。尤其是人工制品范畴的建立较早。婴儿对自然界中的无生命事物的理解不够。所以婴儿在这个年龄段并没有建立起物理学的范畴。数据还表明，婴儿很难理解植物。对认知发展模式的研究主要有先天论（nativism）、模块论（modeltheory）、制约论（constraints）等认知发展模式的综述，生产论、联结论等信息加工理论的综述，皮亚杰等建构主义者的认知发展理论的综述，达尔文主义的认知发展理论的综述。在现有数据和建模工具的条件下，认知发展的混合模型是最佳的建模方式。

The current year was the last year of my research ; the results of these three years were summarized.First, the review of the papers concerning the infant's understanding of biology (naive biology) and physics (naive physics) was conducted and this showed that infants acquired the framework theory of biology and physics through comparatively a little experience by the special kind of learning. This also showed the difference between infants' naive biological theory and naive physics theory. It was shown that infants constructed the naive physics earlier than the naive biology.Second, in order to examine this fact, the data concerning the infants' understanding of the origin of things were collected. The data showed that infants understood it categorically. Especially, The category of artifact was constructed earlier than other categories. Infants did not understand well about inanimate in the category of natural things. So infants did not establish the category of physics in this age. The data also showed that it was difficult for the infants to understand the plants. This meant that the categories such as artifact, inanimate, and animates were equally acquired.The review of the papers concerning the cognitive developmental model such as innate theory (nativism) included the module theory and the constraints ; the empiricism included the information processing theory such as production theory and connectionist theory, constructivist's theory such as Piaget, and the Darwinism was conducted. It was proposed that the hybrid model of cognitive development was the best way for modeling in current states of data and tools for model.