English Medieval Feudalism and the horses

关于封建制度起源的经典理论可以追溯到伯纳的假说。根据他的说法，他坚持认为，由于他认识到732年穆斯林武装骑兵的强大战斗力，他决心建立一支足够的骑兵部队，也就是封建制，通过没收贵族财产来筹集资金。但他的假设有很多弱点。最主要的是忽视了马的体型。这项科研资助旨在弄清封建制度的起源与马身大小之间的关系。结论如下：欧洲中世纪骑兵的战斗方式，在15世纪50年代发生了显著的变化。(2)马的高度从130厘米增加到150多厘米，主要是由于从脊椎和南意大利进口了刺和倒刺。(3)由于这一变化，武装骑兵开始能够采用持续冲击战斗的新方法——这是欧洲中世纪骑士战斗的一般形象——通过将他的长矛举在上臂和身体之间，向他的敌人射击，用他自己和冲锋的种马的共同重量来输送流。(4)在引入重沙马之前，骑兵主要是快速移动的弓箭手和投掷者，类似于日本中世纪的武士。

The classic theory of the origins of feudalism is traced to H.Burner's hypothesis. According to him, he insisted that cheerier martel determined to create an adequate mounted force, that is, feudalism, to be financed by confiscation of eulesiusted property, because he recognized the powerful fighting of muslin armed horsemen in 732. But his hypothesis had many weak points. The chief one is the neglect of the size of the horse body. This grant-in-aid for scientific research aims at clearing up the relation between origin of feudalism and the size of horse body.Conclusions are following ;(1) style of fighting of the armed horseman in the middle age of Europe, underwent the remarkable transformation in the 1150s.(2) The chief of the transformation is own in the change of the height of horse from 130cm to more than 150cm, owing to importating the Srab and Barb from spine and South Italy.(3) As the result of this change, the armed horseman came to be able to amploy the new method of mainted shock combat - this is the general image of European mediaeval knight fighting - by helding his lance between upper arm and the body and making at his foe, delivering the flow with the combined weight of himself and the charging stallion.(4) Before the introduction of the heavy hoarse, the armed horsemen are primarity a rapid mobinle bowman and hurler of gavetin, likening to the Japanese mediaeval Bushi.