English Medieval Feudalism and the horses

英国中世纪封建制度和马

• 批准号: 09610387
• 负责人: SUZUKI Toshiaki
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: KOBE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09610387/
• 关键词: Heavy Horse; Stirrup; Feudalism; Bow; Long Lance; 鎧; 騎兵; 封建制

The classic theory of the origins of feudalism is traced to H.Burner's hypothesis. According to him, he insisted that cheerier martel determined to create an adequate mounted force, that is, feudalism, to be financed by confiscation of eulesiusted property, because he recognized the powerful fighting of muslin armed horsemen in 732. But his hypothesis had many weak points. The chief one is the neglect of the size of the horse body. This grant-in-aid for scientific research aims at clearing up the relation between origin of feudalism and the size of horse body.Conclusions are following ;(1) style of fighting of the armed horseman in the middle age of Europe, underwent the remarkable transformation in the 1150s.(2) The chief of the transformation is own in the change of the height of horse from 130cm to more than 150cm, owing to importating the Srab and Barb from spine and South Italy.(3) As the result of this change, the armed horseman came to be able to amploy the new method of mainted shock combat - this is the general image of European mediaeval knight fighting - by helding his lance between upper arm and the body and making at his foe, delivering the flow with the combined weight of himself and the charging stallion.(4) Before the introduction of the heavy hoarse, the armed horsemen are primarity a rapid mobinle bowman and hurler of gavetin, likening to the Japanese mediaeval Bushi.

封建主义起源的经典理论可以追溯到H·伯纳的假说。根据他的说法，他坚持认为，更欢快的马特尔决心建立一支足够的骑兵部队，即封建主义，资金来自没收欧洲联盟的财产，因为他认识到732年穆斯林武装骑兵的强大战斗。但他的假设有很多弱点。主要的问题是忽视了马体的大小。这一科研助学金旨在厘清封建起源与马身大小的关系。(1)欧洲中世纪武装骑手的战斗风格，在115年代经历了显著的转变。(2)由于从意大利南部和脊椎输入了Srab和Barb，马的身高从130厘米变为150厘米以上是这种转变的主要原因。(3)由于这种变化，武装骑手开始能够采用新的维持突击战斗的方法--这是欧洲中世纪骑士战斗的一般形象--通过将长矛放在上臂和身体之间并打击敌人，在引入沉重的沙哑之前，武装骑手主要是快速移动的弓箭手和加韦丁投手，类似于日本中世纪的武士。