A study on Mogari ritual of Kofun period, using hyman skeletal remains and insect remains.

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We made clear that the Mogari that is the ancient funeral ritual in Japan took more than a week before burial, and that the Mogari was operated not on the mound of tumulous but in/near the settlement, using the archaeological and forensic anthropological methods.It was confirmed that there was relative length in the period of the Mogari from "Nihon-shoki" that is a chronicle of ancient Japan. Also, it was confirmed that the opinion that the pillar pits that exist around grave pit in the main constituent part of tumulous is "Mogari-ya" where the rituals were operated, was handled by the established theory in the part of archaeologists. However, we found some examples that the pillar pits were dug before digging the grave pit and that the pits were dug in the grave pit around the cist. According to those, it was considered that the pits were dug to define the boundary between Life and death before building mound and/or burring a dead person.Next, we observed the fly pupas attaching to the human bones from Hasaike tumulous in Matsuyama city under the microscope. As a result, it made clear that the species of flies were flesh fly genus and Hydrotaea genus.Because of that the latter fly preys on to the stiff after several days of the death, it became clear that at least about 1 week was placed where there is a light as flies were active.Furthermore, the case that there were the feces of the dead person was founded in Shimanouchi site, which spouted out from the dead by the gas filled with the bowels after the death. Therefore, the period when an abdominal cavity is filled with gas, probably, to have ended the Mogari and to have been buried for 2-3 weeks could have visited.As for Mogari in the Kofun period, it wasn't done on the mound and it took more'than 1 week, generally in 2-3 weeks, to be done.