A study on Mogari ritual of Kofun period, using hyman skeletal remains and insect remains.

我们明确指出，日本古代的葬礼仪式Mogari在下葬前花了一个多星期的时间，而且Mogari不是在土堆上进行的，而是在定居点附近进行的，使用了考古学和法医人类学的方法。从古代日本的编年史《日本实录》中可以确认，在摩加里时期有相对的长度。另外，还确认了在墓葬的主要组成部分“摩加里屋”（Mogari-ya）周围存在柱坑的观点，这是考古学家的既定理论。然而，我们发现一些例子，柱坑是在挖掘坟墓坑之前挖的，坑是在围绕中心的坟墓坑中挖的。根据这些资料，人们认为挖这些坑是为了在建造土堆和/或挖死人之前确定生与死之间的界限。接下来，我们在显微镜下观察了蝇蛹附着在松山市Hasaike瘤的人骨上。结果表明蝇类为肉蝇属和水蝇属。因为后一种苍蝇在尸体死后几天捕食尸体，很明显，至少有1周的时间是放在有光的地方，因为苍蝇是活跃的。此外，在岛内遗址发现了死者粪便的情况，这些粪便是死者死后肠道内充满的气体从死者身上喷出的。因此，当一个腹腔充满气体的时期，可能已经结束了Mogari，并被埋葬了2-3周。古坟时期的摩加里不是在土墩上完成的，需要1周以上的时间，一般是2-3周。

We made clear that the Mogari that is the ancient funeral ritual in Japan took more than a week before burial, and that the Mogari was operated not on the mound of tumulous but in/near the settlement, using the archaeological and forensic anthropological methods.It was confirmed that there was relative length in the period of the Mogari from "Nihon-shoki" that is a chronicle of ancient Japan. Also, it was confirmed that the opinion that the pillar pits that exist around grave pit in the main constituent part of tumulous is "Mogari-ya" where the rituals were operated, was handled by the established theory in the part of archaeologists. However, we found some examples that the pillar pits were dug before digging the grave pit and that the pits were dug in the grave pit around the cist. According to those, it was considered that the pits were dug to define the boundary between Life and death before building mound and/or burring a dead person.Next, we observed the fly pupas attaching to the human bones from Hasaike tumulous in Matsuyama city under the microscope. As a result, it made clear that the species of flies were flesh fly genus and Hydrotaea genus.Because of that the latter fly preys on to the stiff after several days of the death, it became clear that at least about 1 week was placed where there is a light as flies were active.Furthermore, the case that there were the feces of the dead person was founded in Shimanouchi site, which spouted out from the dead by the gas filled with the bowels after the death. Therefore, the period when an abdominal cavity is filled with gas, probably, to have ended the Mogari and to have been buried for 2-3 weeks could have visited.As for Mogari in the Kofun period, it wasn't done on the mound and it took more'than 1 week, generally in 2-3 weeks, to be done.