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International Comparative Research on Koban System

交版制度的国际比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
08041073
负责人：
NISHIMURA Haruo
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Kokushikan University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research has been done between 1996 and 1998 by the research group mainly from environmental criminorogy, which extains how crime can be reduced.It forcused on comparision of the vatious types of Koban system or its counter parts in several counties such as USA, UK Germany and Singapore. In recent years, especially among the countries which are embarrassed by the serious crime problem s, the Japnese Koban system is moree highly evaluated and in fact, some of them have already introduced this system. In our research, we have visited these venues and there directly interviewed the police officers and the community people because the Japanese Koban system enjoys the good reputation in teams of close relationship between them.According to the result of our research, (I) the efficency of equivalent system to Koban depends on the relationship between the police and the community people, (2) comparatively among the Western countries and Singaipore, cost benefit is more important, so they do not like to set the community policing in the areas which have less crime, (3) in some venue, the people do not like such a system because it can pray a role of controling the community people as law violators, and (4) in other venue, in sjiteof the same word as Koban, the type of community policing is much different from Koban, which is more suitable to its own culture.In our future research, the other countries, namely Canada, South Korea, Norway and Australia. should be incluled into the venues of our research because they are considered to have their own type community policing.

本课题组于1996年至1998年主要从环境犯罪学的角度对如何减少犯罪进行了研究，重点比较了美国、英国德国和新加坡等国的各种类型的科班系统及其对应系统。近年来，特别是在犯罪问题严重的国家中，日本的Koban制度受到了更多的重视，事实上，一些国家已经引入了这一制度。在本研究中，我们走访了这些场所，并在那里直接采访了警察和社区民众，因为日本的Koban系统在他们之间关系密切的团队中享有良好的声誉。根据我们的研究结果，（一）Koban等效系统的效率取决于警察和社区民众之间的关系，（2）相对于西方国家和新加坡而言，成本效益更重要，不喜欢将社区警务设置在犯罪率较低的地区;（3）在某些场所，人们不喜欢这样的制度，因为它可以祈祷一个控制社区人民作为违法者的作用，和（4）在其他场地，在sjite相同的词作为科班，社区警务的类型与科班有很大的不同，科班更适合自己的文化，在我们未来的研究中，其他国家，即加拿大，韩国，挪威和澳大利亚。应该纳入我们的研究场所，因为他们被认为有自己的类型社区警务。