An Empirical Study on Prevention of Subsequent Delinquency of Juvenile offenders by Participation of Crime Victims and Family Group

本报告所述的恢复性司法方式（简称rj）旨在恢复人与人之间的和谐和关系，其基础是一种感觉，即迫切的不公正问题已经得到解决，每个利益相关者的独特存在已经得到证明。如果将被移交给少年司法的少年犯适用于该项目，防止其再次犯罪将成为一种暂时的恢复性项目的尝试。然而，它的主要目的似乎是满足犯罪受害者的需要，因此它们不应该被用作改造他或她的工具。rj在日本尚未正式制度化，最近在千叶县成立了一个促进rj社区的机构。我们报告了几个初步完成rj的病例。研究人员在观看了一段视频后，对这些孩子进行了问卷调查，询问他们随后犯罪的可能性。这段视频显示了一名来自美国感化学校的少年犯参加了家庭小组会议。有限样本包括少数在少管所服刑或缓刑的少年犯、少年司法从业人员和大学生。高百分比的受访者接受了rj对后续犯罪的预防作用。根据一份公众问卷调查的结果，对同一问题回答肯定的人比回答否定的人要多得多。青少年犯罪被认为是由多种复杂因素造成的，因此不能断定青少年罪犯在一次管制后就完全不再犯罪了。J. Braithwaite教授建议1。重新整合羞辱理论，2。程序正义理论，3，不承认羞耻理论，4。反抗理论是减少后续犯罪的理论基础。rj似乎不是在强迫下，而是用一种他们心中的内在动机来刺激青少年建立他们的新生活。rj提出了以证据为基础的改革，因此日本还需要对rj项目和非rj项目进行大样本对比分析，并对众多rj案例进行后续研究

The restorative way of justice (the rj is called for short) stated in this report aims to restore harmony between people and relations based upon a feeling that pressing matters of injustice has been dressed and a unique existence of each stakeholders has been vindicated. The prevention of subsequent delinquency of a juvenile delinquent will become an attempt of a restorative program for the moment if he or she who is referred to juvenile justice is applied to that program. Its primary objective, however, seems to satisfy crime victims' needs, so they should not be used as an instrument for rehabilitating him or herThe rj has not been institutionalized officially in Japan and one agency for promoting the rj in community was recently established in Chiba prefecture. We report several cases which have tentatively done the rj. A questionnaire asking a likelihood of subsequent delinquency was administered after watching video film which shows the family group conferencing involving one rel … More eased juvenile from US reformatory school. The limited sample includes a few numbers of juvenile offenders committed in juvenile training schools or under probation, practitioners in juvenile justice system and college students. High percentage of respondents accepted a preventive effect of subsequent delinquency by the rj. According to the results of a questionnaire to general public much more respondents answered affirmatively for the same question than negativelyJuvenile delinquency is believed to be brought by multiple complicated factors, therefore it should not be concluded that juvenile offenders desist completely from further delinquency immediately after one administration of the rj. Professor J. Braithwaite suggests 1. reintegrative shaming theoiy, 2. procedural justice theory, 3, the theory of unacknowledged shame and 4. defiance theory as theoretical foundation for reducing subsequent delinquency. The rj seems to stimulate juveniles to build their new life not under coercion but with an internal motivation they hold in mind. The rj proposes the evidence-based reform, so that further needed are such researches in Japan as comparative analysis using big samples of the rj program and non-rj program, and a follow-up study of the many rj cases Less