International Harmonization of Consumer Protection Law

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Following the 1995 project on the international protection of consumer and harmonization of consumer laws, the 1996 project has been done in North America and Asia-Pacific countries. The countries and organizations (cities visited) covered in 1996 research were: the United States (Washington, D. C. and New York), Canada (Vancouver), Australia (Sydney and Melbourne), New Zealand (Christchurch and Wellington) and South Korea (Seoul and Pusan) and the United Nations Headquarters (New York).After the decade of the United Nations Guideline on Consumer Protection in 1985, status and implementation of the Guideline in the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Korea have been studied. Professor D. Harland (Sydney) has contributed in his research on the implementation of developing countries. Nongovernmental organizations in consumer affairs have been playing an important role in the implementation of the guideline, and we have also visited the headquarters of the International Org … More anization of Consumer Unions (IOCU), currently CI, and conducted a joint research with Mr. Anthony Smith of the CI.For individual areas of study on consumer protection, 1) competition law in relation to consumer protection in EU (Prof. . Amine); 2) notification requirement of contract clauses prior to concluding contract in German law (Prof. Kano); 3) telecommunication and the protection of consumers in the United States (Prof. Hotta); 4) consumer protection in financial services (Prof. Nagao); 5) consumer credit in relation to multiculturalism (Prof. Ramsay); 6) private law aspects of consumer credit laws in Germany (Prof. Animator); 7) injuncitivereleive for consumer organizations in EU (Prof. Yamane); 8) Ombudsman system for dispute settlement (Prof. Takehama); 9) access to justice and the small claims (Prof. Deguchi and Mr. Mizuno) and other papers have been drafted for publication in July 1997.Comparative study on Korean and Japanese consumer protection laws and institutions were carried out as a joint program with the Pusan National University in March 1997. Less