Application of Emulsion Fuel to Marine Diesel Engines

在古巴圣地亚哥东方大学工程研究所进行了乳化燃料在中型柴油机（直喷式、六缸串联、压缩比17.0、冲程容积10.3升）上的应用试验研究（2100 rpm，稳定转速）。一种非离子合成产品和一种植物水溶液的两种表面活性剂对甘蔗热解产物乳化燃料的稳定性、发动机性能和尾气中碳烟浓度进行了比较，虽然用植物水溶液乳化燃料的稳定性甘蔗热解产物的含量略低于合成非离子表面活性剂，说明对发动机的稳定运行没有问题。由于发动机性能因运行条件和乳化燃料中的水含量（高达20vol%）而在很大范围内波动，因此无法显示出因表面活性剂种类而导致的发动机性能的明显差异。不同表面活性剂制备的两种乳化液在微爆作用下对发动机性能的影响无明显差异。由于发动机的运行工况和乳化燃料中的含水量的影响，排气中碳烟浓度的波动范围很大。因此，由于不同种类的表面活性剂，烟尘浓度的明显差异不能显示。（甘蔗）热解产物可用作柴油发动机燃料的乳化剂，需要更多的工作来考察表面活性剂对乳液稳定性，发动机性能，废气中的烟灰浓度。

Experimental study of application of emulsion fuel to medium scale diesel engine (direct fuel injection chamber type, serial six cylinders, compression ratio 17.0, stroke volume 10.3 litters) was conducted (2100 rpm in steady revolution) at the Institute of Mutual Engineering of Univ.of Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. Two kinds of surface active agents of a Non-ionic synthetic product and a water solution of plant (sugar cane) pyrolysis product were compared for the stability of emulsified fuel, the engine performance and the soot concentration in the exhaust gas.Although the stability of emulsion fuel by using water solution of plant (sugar cane) pyrolysis product is a little lower than that by synthetic non-ionic surface active agent, it was shown that there is no problem in the steady running of engine. As the engine performance fluctuates over a wide range owing to the running condition and the water content (up to 20vol%) in emulsion fuel, the clear difference in the engine performance due to the kind of surface active agent could not be shown. The difference in the effect of micro-explosion on the engine performance between the two types of emulsions prepared by the different surface active agents could not be shown. Soot concentration in the exhaust gas fluctuates over a wide range owing to the running condition of engine and the water content in emulsion fuel. Thus, clear difference of soot concentration due to the different kinds of surface active agents could not be shown.From this study, finally, it was shown that the water solution of plant (sugar cane) pyrolysis product can be used as the emulsifier for fuel of diesel engines, and more work is needed to examine the effect of surface active agent on the stability of emulsion, engine perfoamance, soot concentration in the exhaust gas.