Application of Emulsion Fuel to Marine Diesel Engines

在古巴圣地亚哥东方大学相互工程研究所进行了乳化液燃料在中型柴油机（直喷室型、串联六缸、压缩比17.0、冲程10.3升）（2100转/分稳定转速）上的应用实验研究。对非离子型合成产物和植物（甘蔗）热解产物水溶液两种表面活性剂的乳化燃料稳定性、发动机性能和尾气烟尘浓度进行了比较。虽然使用植物（甘蔗）热解产物水溶液制备的乳化液燃料的稳定性略低于合成非离子表面活性剂制备的乳化液燃料，但对发动机的稳定运行没有影响。由于发动机性能受工况和乳化液燃料含水量（可达20vol%）的影响波动较大，因此无法表现出不同表面活性剂对发动机性能的明显影响。不同表面活性剂制备的两类乳剂微爆炸对发动机性能的影响差异不明显。由于发动机的运行条件和乳化液燃料中的含水量，废气中煤烟浓度波动较大。因此，不能表现出不同表面活性剂对烟尘浓度的明显影响。最后，通过本研究表明，植物（甘蔗）热解产物的水溶液可以作为柴油发动机燃料的乳化剂，表面活性剂对乳化剂稳定性、发动机性能、尾气烟尘浓度的影响还有待进一步研究。

Experimental study of application of emulsion fuel to medium scale diesel engine (direct fuel injection chamber type, serial six cylinders, compression ratio 17.0, stroke volume 10.3 litters) was conducted (2100 rpm in steady revolution) at the Institute of Mutual Engineering of Univ.of Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. Two kinds of surface active agents of a Non-ionic synthetic product and a water solution of plant (sugar cane) pyrolysis product were compared for the stability of emulsified fuel, the engine performance and the soot concentration in the exhaust gas.Although the stability of emulsion fuel by using water solution of plant (sugar cane) pyrolysis product is a little lower than that by synthetic non-ionic surface active agent, it was shown that there is no problem in the steady running of engine. As the engine performance fluctuates over a wide range owing to the running condition and the water content (up to 20vol%) in emulsion fuel, the clear difference in the engine performance due to the kind of surface active agent could not be shown. The difference in the effect of micro-explosion on the engine performance between the two types of emulsions prepared by the different surface active agents could not be shown. Soot concentration in the exhaust gas fluctuates over a wide range owing to the running condition of engine and the water content in emulsion fuel. Thus, clear difference of soot concentration due to the different kinds of surface active agents could not be shown.From this study, finally, it was shown that the water solution of plant (sugar cane) pyrolysis product can be used as the emulsifier for fuel of diesel engines, and more work is needed to examine the effect of surface active agent on the stability of emulsion, engine perfoamance, soot concentration in the exhaust gas.