Region Feature, Control Guideline and Sueveillance of Lyme Disease

1.通过rRNA和鞭毛蛋白基因的遗传分析，将日本硬蜱中的新种Borreliae鉴定为B.miyamotoi、B.tanuki和B.turdae.根据鞭毛蛋白基因序列和B.Miyamotoi构建了疏螺旋体属系统发育树，Miyamotoi起源于全沟疏螺旋体，与回归热疏螺旋体有亲缘关系.莱姆病病原体为狭义伯氏B螺旋体、伽氏B螺旋体和阿氏螺旋体。B.miyamotoi、B. tanuki和B.turdae可能不致病。提示疏螺旋体Osp C基因的表达与感染和致病性的表达有关.莱姆病疏螺旋体与存在于宿主细胞表面上的半乳糖基神经酰胺和葡糖基神经酰胺结合。41 kDa鞭毛蛋白、61 kDa HSP和67 kDa未知蛋白参与了疏螺旋体的粘附过程. OspC基因序列在疏螺旋体之间存在高度差异。这种多样性可能在逃避宿主防御机制中起作用.利用OspC-PCR-RFLP技术建立了基于遗传多样性的疏螺旋体分类方法。该方法可作为分子流行病学标志物应用于流行病学研究，并可对混合培养或多重感染患者进行分型.东亚莱姆病型疏螺旋体的遗传特征与欧美型疏螺旋体不同。在日本，莱姆病的优势种是B.garinii，并建议从俄罗斯传播。

1. From Japanese ixodid ticks, new species borreliae were identified as B.miyamotoi, B.tanuki, and B.turdae by genetic analyzes of rRNA and flagellin genes.2. Phylogenetic tree of genus Borrelia was constructed from flagellin gene sequences and B.Miyamotoi originated from I.persulcatus is related to relapsing fever borreliae.3. Aetiologic agents of Lyme disease were B.burgdorferi sensu stricto, B.garinii and B.afzelii. B.miyamotoi, B.t anuki and B.turdae might be non-pathogenic.4. Expression of Osp C gene of Borrelia was suggested to relate to the infection and expression of pathogenicity.5. Lyme disease borreliae is bound to galactosyl ceramide and glucosyl ceramide present on the surface of host cells. 41kDa flagellin protein, 61kDa HSP and 67kDa unknown protein participated borrelial adhesion in the course of infection.6. OspC gene sequence among borreliae were highly divergent. The diversity might be functional in escape from host defense mechanism.7. Development of classification method of borreliae among the same species was succeeded by using OspC-PCR-RFLP based on the genetic diversity. This method is applicable to epidemiological study as the molecular epidemiologic marker and is able to classification of mixed culture or multi-infected patient.8. Genetic characteristics of Lyme diseae borreliae in Far East Asia were different from European and American-type borreliae. In Japan dominant species of Lyme disease was B.garinii and suggested to be transmitted from Russia.