Molecular Genetics on Origin, Distribution and Control of Lyme Disease

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1) Genomic DNAs of Lyme disease (LD) borreliae were digested with EcoRV of Hinc II and hybridized with probes specific for 23S rRNA genes and borreliae were classified into 10 types, I-X.2) From base sequences of OspC protein and flagellin genes, ribotype II,and IV-VI of Japanese isolates were classified as B.garinii.3) Main causative agents of Japanese LD were B.garinii and B.afzelii and main vector was I.Persulcatus. Main reservoir was Apodemus speciosus, and Clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae and migrating birds, Turdus chrysolaus and Emberiza spodocephala playd as reservoirs.4) Japanese LD borreliae were classified into 11 OspA serotypes based on reactivities to anti-OspA monoclonal antibodies. European and American isolates were classifed into 7 OspA serotypes. Only 1 type were identical each other.5) In Far East Russia, I.persulcatus harbored the organism at 26.6% (225/846). B.garinii and B.afzelii were isolated from ixodid ticks and rodents, genera Apodemus, Clethrionomys, Tamias, and Sorex, and their ratios were about 80% and 10%, respectively. No B.burgdorferi sensu stricto was found. Distribution pattern of Borrelia in Far East Russia was closely similar to that in Japan.6) B.japonica isolated from I.ovatus caused arthritis in SCID,C3H/HeN and ddY mice with collaborative works with Dr.Simon.7) Three borreliae isolated from I.tanuki, I.turdus and I.clumnae were suggested as new species, respectively.8) Borrelia, having 38kDa flagellin and 1 set of 23/5S rRNA genes, from I.persulcatus was distantly close to relapsing fever agent and named as B.miyamotoi.9) Meeting on the Cooperative Research was held in Ventura, U.S.A.on 22/23 Jan.1996 under the attendance of Drs.Johnson, Baranton, Simon, Wilske, Fukunaga, Masuzawa and Yanagihara and confirmed the success of this Joint Research.