A SYNTHETIC STUDY OF HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS IN "URA-KATA"

《浦型》史料综合研究

• 批准号: 08301032
• 负责人: SUGAHARA Kenzi
• 金额: $ 5.89万
• 依托单位: CHIBA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08301032/
• 关键词: Uwa-kai Sea; fishermen's boss(aminushi); Village Headmen's house(shoya-sho)); Village Headmen's tax-exemped land(Shoya-muyakuchi); Muragimi; Dried Sardine; Kakuhitsu document; the annual fishery tax(one fifth tax on a silver basis); 庄屋所; 網主・網子関係

Our investigation on the Miura Tanaka Documents bears the following significant fruits.(1) The Uwa-kai Sea was one of the most fertile sardine fisheries during the Edo era. The Nanyo regional community facing the Uwa-kai Sea had its own peculiar social structure, Because of its geographical condition of a rias coastline, an administrative unit "Ura-kata" (a bay district) included more than one blanch bay and formed a complex society. Each blanch bay had had a village master "Muragimi" who had been a local lord in the Medieval Period.(2) The regional community was managed by a village headman "Shoya", who was the most leading fishing-boat-owner. He lived in the Shoya-house that was a public property, and administered the affairs of the village (or the bay district ). Therefore he had to buy the Shoya-house after the Meiji Restoration.(3) The Shoya tax-exempt land was one of privileges for Shoya, Part of the land became private land through antagonism between Shoya arid the village in th … More e early Meiji Period. We found the regional democratic right movement in this process.(4) The feudal lord (the Uwajima han) guaranteed the title to the fishery or "Motoami" to Shoya/Kumigashira, who had been Muragimi in the latter Medieval Period. However their right was not absolutely predominant over other fishermen, but restricted by the logic of regional community on which the fishing-boat-owner' s profits existed.(5) Because the fishing grounds became ruined by a newly reclaimed rice field in the latter Edo era, a fisheries income was rapidly decreasing. We analyzed the annual fishery tax in those days and where the fishes were transported and sold.(6) After the Meiji Restoration, former Shoya successively held the posts of a section mayor, a village mayor and a postmaster, and had influence on the community as a man of high repute, but his management was getting worse. We examined the historical process from such angles as court cases, their son's intellectual transition and the management of post office.(7) We also acquired the new linguistic knowledge through analyzing the historical documents as the records of the regional dialect. Less

我们对田中三浦文件的调查取得了以下重要成果。(1)宇和kai海是江户时代最富饶的沙丁鱼渔场之一。面向宇和kai海的南洋地区社区有其独特的社会结构，由于其海岸线的地理条件，一个行政单位“Ura-kata”（海湾地区）包括多个白湾，形成了一个复杂的社会。每个布兰奇湾都有一个村长“Muragimi”，他在中世纪时期是当地的领主。(2)区域社区由村长“Shoya”管理，他是最主要的渔船主。他住在属于公共财产的shoya屋，并管理村庄（或海湾地区）的事务。因此，他不得不在明治维新后买下昭屋。(3)昭屋免税土地是昭屋的特权之一，部分土地在明治前期昭屋与村的对抗中成为私有土地。我们在这个过程中发现了区域性的民主权利运动。(4)封建领主（宇和岛汉）保证将渔场或“Motoami”的头衔授予中世纪后期曾是村村的Shoya/Kumigashira。然而，他们的权利并非绝对凌驾于其他渔民之上，而是受到区域共同体逻辑的制约，而区域共同体是渔船主利益存在的基础。(5)江户时代后期，由于渔场被新开垦的稻田破坏，渔业收入迅速下降。我们分析了当时的年度渔业税和鱼的运输和销售地点。(6)明治维新后，原昭也先后担任过区长、村长、邮政局长等职务，在社会上有一定的影响，是一个有声望的人，但他的管理却越来越差。我们从法院案件、他们儿子的智力转变、邮局的管理等角度考察了这一历史过程。(7)我们还通过分析历史文献作为地方方言的记录，获得了新的语言知识。少

项目成果

冨善一敏: "国文学研究資料館史料館所蔵村方文書引継・管理史料" 東京大学日本史学研究室紀要. 第2号. 1-61 (1998)

富前一俊：《国立日本文学研究所所藏村方文献的移交和管理》东京大学日本历史研究室通报第2.1-61号（1998年）。

Tatsuo Yano: "On the Village Headmen's Inherited Real Property in three Clans of IYO(4)" EHIME LAW JOURNAL. 25-2. 31-51 (1998)

矢野达男：《论伊洋三氏族的村长继承不动产(4)》爱媛法律杂志。

Tatsuo Yano: "On the Village Headmen's Inherited Real Property in three Clans of IYO(5)" EHIME LAW JOURNAL. 25-2. 31-53 (1999)

矢野达男：《论伊洋三氏族的村长继承不动产(5)》爱媛法律杂志。

冨善一敏: "近世中後期の地域社会と村政(東京大学日本史研究室叢書4)" 東京大学日本史研究室, 321 (1996)

富前一俊：《近代中后期的地方社会与村政府（东京大学日本史实验室系列4）》东京大学日本史实验室，321（1996）

矢野達雄: "戦前期争議調停における協調会の役割" 『大原社会問題研究所雑誌』. 458号. 17-28 (1997)

矢野达雄：《协调委员会在战前争端调解中的作用》《大原社会研究所杂志》第458期。17-28（1997）。