Evolutionary Ecology of Sex

性的进化生态学

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    08304043
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    日本
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助国家:
    日本
  • 起止时间:
    1996 至 1998
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Adaptive significance of sexual reproduction remains uncertain. One of the purposes of this project was to unravel this mystery. Pathogen-driven selection has been regarded as a likely factor that can provide a general advantage for sexual reproduction (Red Queen hypothesis). T.Yahara tested this hypothesis using Eupatorium-geminivirus system by comparingsequence divergence of ORF 04, a host-range determinant of geminivirus between viruses infecting sexual and asexual host populations. Frequency of amino acid replacements was significantly higher in sexual host populations, supporting the hypothesis.A.Sasaki also developed a new model for gene-for-gene interactions between hosts and parasites and showed that antagonistic coevolution between hosts and parasites conserve fitness variation and make sexual reproduction advantageous.I.Kobayashi demonstrated that restriction-modification systems are parasites of bacterial genome and developed a new hypothesis that homologous recombination evolved as an counter-adaptation against gemomic parasites.Another target of this project was to describe some genetic systems under genetic conflicts and elucidate dynamics and outcomes of genetic interactions between genetic elements with conflicting interests in their transmission. Under suxual reproduction, Mendelian inheritance is a rule, but this rule is often violated by selfish behaviours of cytoplasmic genetic elements. In Raphanus, for example, male sterility is induced by a mitocondrial gene, but is restored by a nuclear gene. Outcomes of this interaction was examined in the field. Sex ratio distortion system in azuki-bean beetles, that is caused by Infection of microorganisms, was examined and complete nuclear control of sex ratio was confirmed in spite that infection of microorganism was very high.We also studied various phenomena of genomic imprinting. Y.Iwasa developed several models which can explain some unique properties of genomic inprinting.
有性生殖的适应意义仍然不确定。这个项目的目的之一就是解开这个谜团。病原体驱动的选择被认为是一个可能的因素,可以提供一个一般的优势,有性生殖(红皇后假说)。T.Yahara利用泽兰-双生病毒系统,通过比较感染有性和无性宿主群体的病毒之间双生病毒的宿主范围决定因子ORF 04的序列差异,验证了这一假设。氨基酸替换的频率在性宿主种群中显著较高,A.Sasaki还提出了一个新的宿主和寄生虫之间基因对基因相互作用的模型,并表明宿主和寄生虫之间的拮抗性协同进化保护了适合度变异,使有性繁殖有利。I.小林证明了限制性-修饰系统是细菌基因组的寄生虫,并提出了一个新的假设,即同源重组是作为一种反该项目的另一个目标是描述遗传冲突下的一些遗传系统,并阐明遗传冲突的动态和结果。遗传因素之间的遗传相互作用,在它们的传播中具有相互冲突的利益。在有性生殖中,孟德尔遗传是一条规则,但这条规则经常被细胞质遗传元件的自私行为所破坏。例如,萝卜属的雄性不育是由线粒体基因诱导的,但由核基因恢复。在实地审查了这种互动的结果。对由微生物感染引起的红豆甲虫性比畸变系统进行了研究,确认了尽管微生物感染很严重,但性比仍由核控制。同时,还研究了基因组印记的各种现象。Y.Iwasa开发了几种模型,可以解释基因组印迹的一些独特性质。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(39)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Yahara,T.: "Molecular evolution of a host-range gene in geminiviruses infecting asexual populations of Eupatorium makinoi." Genes & Genetic Systems. 73. 137-141 (1998)
Yahara,T.:“感染先岛泽兰无性种群的双生病毒宿主范围基因的分子进化。”
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    0
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Ooi,K.: "Genetis variation of geminiviruses:comparison between setween sexual and asexual host plant populations." Molecular Ecology. 8・1. 89-97 (1998)
Ooi, K.:“双生病毒的遗传变异:有性和无性宿主植物种群之间的比较。”8·1(1998)。
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    0
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Inoue,K.: "Inbreeding depression and outcroccing rate in the endangered autoteraploid plant Aster kantoensis(Asteraceae)" Journal of Heredity. 89. 559-562 (1998)
Inoue,K.:“濒临灭绝的同源四倍体植物紫菀关东(菊科)的近交衰退和裸露率”《遗传杂志》。
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    0
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Yahara,T.: "Virus infection and the evolution of sex in flowering plants." J.Rep.Dev.43(Suppl.). 90-10 (1997)
Yahara,T.:“病毒感染和开花植物的性进化。”
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  • 影响因子:
    0
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  • 通讯作者:
鷲谷いづみ(共著): "保全生態学入門" 文一総合出版, 270 (1996)
鹫屋泉(合着):《保护生态学概论》Bunichi Sogo Publishing,270(1996)
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YAHARA Tetsukazu其他文献

YAHARA Tetsukazu的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('YAHARA Tetsukazu', 18)}}的其他基金

Next generation molecular ecology of contrasting adaptive strategies in flowering plants
开花植物中对比适应性策略的下一代分子生态学
  • 批准号:
    24247005
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Molecular and Experimental Ecology in Hemerocallis : As a good model to study evolutionary shift of Pollination syndromes
萱草的分子和实验生态学:作为研究授粉综合征进化转变的良好模型
  • 批准号:
    21370013
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Experimental evolutionary ecology of a pollination syndrome shift in Hemerocallis citrina and H. fulva
黄花菜和黄花菜授粉综合症转变的实验进化生态学
  • 批准号:
    19370012
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Speciation in the genus Stevia of Mexico and Brazil
墨西哥和巴西甜叶菊属的物种形成
  • 批准号:
    14405014
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Experimental and evolutionary ecological studies of pollination and reproductive systems using QTL mapping
使用 QTL 作图对授粉和生殖系统进行实验和进化生态学研究
  • 批准号:
    14204077
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Variation and evolution of sexual and asexual races in Mexican Stevia
墨西哥甜叶菊有性和无性种族的变异和进化
  • 批准号:
    12575010
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Molecular evolution of LRR type R-genes in sexual and asexual Eupatorium
有性和无性紫茎泽兰LRR型R基因的分子进化
  • 批准号:
    11440247
  • 财政年份:
    1999
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
New methods of extinction risk assessment for threatened plants
受威胁植物灭绝风险评估的新方法
  • 批准号:
    11554037
  • 财政年份:
    1999
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Evolution of morphology, ecology and chromosome in the genus Stevia : Molecular phylogenetic approaches
甜菊属形态、生态和染色体的进化:分子系统发育方法
  • 批准号:
    07454235
  • 财政年份:
    1995
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Molecular phylogeny and comparative ecology of Mexican Stevia
墨西哥甜叶菊的分子系统发育和比较生态学
  • 批准号:
    07041129
  • 财政年份:
    1995
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research

相似海外基金

Selfish gene and genetic control of vector-borne diseases
自私基因与媒介传播疾病的遗传控制
  • 批准号:
    7255326
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.21万
  • 项目类别:
Selfish gene and genetic control of vector-borne diseases
自私基因与媒介传播疾病的遗传控制
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
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