NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ECOLOGY ON MITES AND INSECTS

从3种粉螨中鉴定出2种性信息素和1种报警信息素。从螨虫中分离得到3个新化合物，并通过合成对其结构进行了鉴定。研究了螨性信息素的结构与活性关系以及螨性信息素的进化过程。对甲酚是多足千足虫Nedyopus patrioticus的主要防御化合物，而从另一种千足虫Chamberlinius hualienensis中鉴定出了mandelon腈。对千足虫的防御化学物质也进行了综述。从一种巨型丹碱蝴蝶中提取的发笔成分被证实具有雄性信息素的功能，并对其150多种化合物组成的化学结构进行了分析。在50多种鳞翅目昆虫中发现了一种常见的脂质成分二烷基四氢呋喃。对以芸香科植物为食的燕尾蝶来说，促排卵剂鉴定为(-)-4-(E)-咖啡酰- l-苏氨酸，存在于Oriza japonica中。经鉴定，东方果蝇的雄性性信息素为转针叶醇，其来源为花香气中的苯丙醇。果蝇对热带花朵的苯丙素香气具有强烈的吸引力，这是一种产生雄性信息素的食药现象。同样，马来西亚果蝇的雄性性信息素也被甲基白桉酚强烈吸引，甲基白桉酚被代谢为性信息素。本文还对臭虫和果蝇的性信息素的化学结构进行了分析。德国蜚蠊的引诱剂聚集信息素为低烷基胺的混合物。研究了它们的构效关系及挥发性胺的缓释机理。对德国蜚蠊腺体分泌进行了生物学和化学研究。

Two sex pheromones and an alarm pheromone were identified from 3 species of acarid mites. Three compounds were newly isolated form mites and their structure was identified by synthesis. Structure activity relationships of mite sex pheromone and evolution process of mite pheromone were also studied.p-Cresol was identified as a major defence compound from polydesmida millipede Nedyopus patrioticus patrioticus, while mandelonitrile was identified from the other millpede Chamberlinius hualienensis. Defensive chemicals from millipedes is also reviewed.Hair pencil components from a giant danaine butterfly was demonstrated to function as the male sex pheromone and their chemical structures composed of more than 150 compounds were elucidated. The unusual dialkylterahydrofurans were detected as a common lipid component among more than 50 species of lepidoptera. For a Rutaceae-feeding swallowtail butterfly, the oviposition stimulant was identified as (-)-4-(E)-caffeoyl-L-threonate, present in Oriza japonica. The male sex pheromone of the Oriental fruit fly was identified as transconiferyl alcohol, which was derived from phenylpropanoide present in flower aroma. A strong attractiveness of the fruitfly to phenylpropanoid aroma of tropical flowers was a phenomenon of pharmacophagy for production of the male sex pheromone. Likewise, the male sex pheromone of Malaysian fruitfly was strongly attracted to methyleugeol, which was metabolized to function as the sex pheromone. Chemical structures of sex pheromones of a stinkbug and a fruit fly were also elucidated.Attractant aggregation pheromone of the German cockroach was identified as a mixture of lower alkylamines. Their structure activity relationships and the slow release mechanism of those volatile amines were investigated. The tergal gland secretion of the German cockroach were studied biologically and chemically.