Chemotaxonomy and Identification of Astigmatid mites by GC profiles

无鞭毛目是螨目的一个亚目，由一群形态特征较差的螨类组成。大多数物种是白色的，椭圆形，体长不到1毫米，因此，在将每个标本安装在载玻片上进行显微镜观察后，需要熟练的技术来进行物种鉴定。另一方面，这些散尾类和部分Oriatida都有一对发达的排泄腺(所谓的后峡腺或油腺)，从50多个物种中鉴定出50种具有报警、聚集和性信息素功能的挥发性化合物和未知功能的化合物。在对螨类分泌物的研究中，人们注意到这些化合物的特征是每个物种的特征，甚至形态指标也是相似的。因此，收集了1 0 1种(含菌株)的球虫和2 3种(包括菌株)的Oriatida的GC图谱，并与…进行了比较对染色体ITS-II区进行了更多的核苷酸序列分析，随后克隆到大肠杆菌，并进行了DNA分析。无鞭毛目和尾目的ITS-II区由300-600个核苷酸组成。因此，物种差异与GC图谱的差异直接相关，但有一些小的例外有待进一步研究。根据其ITS-II碱基序列，几株由于成分数量差异而在GC图谱上略有差异的菌株被确认为同一物种。尽管有少数例外情况有待进一步研究，但基于GC图谱的螨类鉴定方法已被证明是一种简单和通用的方法，并已实现了对本项目的反对。在本研究期间，我成功地开发了一种琼脂培养基来方便和无菌地饲养螨类。约有2/3的原液培养是通过琼脂培养基来维持的。共发表了11篇论文，涉及鉴定螨类信息素(报警信息素和性信息素)和作为天然产物化学的新化合物。较少

Astigmata is a suborder of acari and consists of a group of mites with poor morphological characteristics. Most species are white in color and oval with less than 1 mm in body length, and therefore, skilled technique are required for species identification, after mounting each specimen on a slide glass for microscopic observation. On the other hand those astigmatid mites and also a parts of Oribatida possess a pair of well developed excretory glands (so-called opisthonotal gland or oil gland), from which total 50 volatile compounds functioning as the alarm, aggregation and sex pheromones and compounds with unknown functions are identified from more than 50 species. During studies of mite's exudates, these profiles of compounds were noticed to be characteristic to each species, even morphological indexes are similar. Therefore, GC profiles from 101 species (including strains) of astigmata and 23 species (including strains) of Oribatida were collected and compared each other, along with … More nucleotide sequence analyses of chromosomal ITS-II region by PCR, subsequent cloning to E. coli and DNA analyses. ITS-II regions of Astigmata and Oribatida consisted of 300-600 nucleotide. As a result, species differences were directly correlated to those differences of GC profiles with minor exceptions to be further examined. Several strains with minor differences of GC profiles due to quantitative variations of components were confirmed as the same species, based on their ITS-II base sequences. Although there was a few exceptional cases to be further examined, mite's identification based on GC profiles were demonstrated to be an easy and versatile method, and objection of the present project has been accomplished.During the present study I have succeeded to develop an agar medium to raise mites easily and aseptically. About two third of mite's stock culture were successively maintained by the agar medium. Total 11 papers dealing with identifications of mites pheromones (alarm and sex pheromones) and new compounds as the natural product chemistry were also published. Less