Chemotaxonomy and Identification of Astigmatid mites by GC profiles

无气门螨是阿卡里的一个亚目，由一组形态特征较差的螨组成。大多数物种为白色，椭圆形，体长小于1 mm，因此，将每个标本固定在载玻片上进行显微镜观察后，需要熟练的技术进行物种鉴定。另一方面，甲螨和甲螨科的部分螨类具有一对发达的排泄腺（即后肛腺或油腺），从50余种螨中鉴定出50种具有报警、聚集、性信息素功能的挥发性化合物和功能不明的化合物。在对螨类分泌物的研究中，发现这些化合物的谱是各螨种所特有的，甚至形态指标也是相似的。因此，收集了101种（含菌株）甲螨和23种（含菌株）甲螨的GC图谱，并进行了比较，沿着 ...更多信息 PCR分析ITS-Ⅱ区的核苷酸序列，克隆到E. coli和DNA分析。无气门目和甲螨目的ITS-Ⅱ区由300-600个核苷酸组成。因此，种属差异与GC图谱的差异直接相关，只有少数例外情况需要进一步检查。根据ITS-Ⅱ碱基序列，确认了几种因组分定量变化而导致GC谱略有差异的菌株为同一种属。虽然有一些例外的情况下，进一步研究，螨的鉴定基于GC配置文件被证明是一个简单和通用的方法，和本项目的目的已经完成。在本研究中，我成功地开发了一种琼脂培养基，以提高螨容易和无菌。约三分之二的螨原种培养物由琼脂培养基连续维持。同时发表了螨类信息素（报警信息素和性信息素）的鉴定及新化合物的天然产物化学研究论文11篇。少

Astigmata is a suborder of acari and consists of a group of mites with poor morphological characteristics. Most species are white in color and oval with less than 1 mm in body length, and therefore, skilled technique are required for species identification, after mounting each specimen on a slide glass for microscopic observation. On the other hand those astigmatid mites and also a parts of Oribatida possess a pair of well developed excretory glands (so-called opisthonotal gland or oil gland), from which total 50 volatile compounds functioning as the alarm, aggregation and sex pheromones and compounds with unknown functions are identified from more than 50 species. During studies of mite's exudates, these profiles of compounds were noticed to be characteristic to each species, even morphological indexes are similar. Therefore, GC profiles from 101 species (including strains) of astigmata and 23 species (including strains) of Oribatida were collected and compared each other, along with … More nucleotide sequence analyses of chromosomal ITS-II region by PCR, subsequent cloning to E. coli and DNA analyses. ITS-II regions of Astigmata and Oribatida consisted of 300-600 nucleotide. As a result, species differences were directly correlated to those differences of GC profiles with minor exceptions to be further examined. Several strains with minor differences of GC profiles due to quantitative variations of components were confirmed as the same species, based on their ITS-II base sequences. Although there was a few exceptional cases to be further examined, mite's identification based on GC profiles were demonstrated to be an easy and versatile method, and objection of the present project has been accomplished.During the present study I have succeeded to develop an agar medium to raise mites easily and aseptically. About two third of mite's stock culture were successively maintained by the agar medium. Total 11 papers dealing with identifications of mites pheromones (alarm and sex pheromones) and new compounds as the natural product chemistry were also published. Less