Chemical Biology of Parasitic Wasps

(1)从4种植物蛾类昆虫（杏仁蛾Cadra cautella、印度谷蛾Plodia interpunctella、欧洲谷蛾Anagasta kuehniella和烟草蛾Ephestia elutella）的粪便中分离纯化了诱导产卵行为的利它素成分，并对其化学结构进行了研究。各物种的利它素组分均由不同链长和不饱和度的2-酰基-环己烷-1，3-二酮同系物组成，不仅在定性上，而且在定量上也存在差异。鉴定了3个新的2-酰基-环己烷-1，3-二酮同系物。(2)从杏仁蛾Cadra cautalla的粪便中分离出壬-4-醇，作为对抗寄生蜂黑星菌的随机运动增强成分。建立了一套用于评价该蜂活动性的触角电位装置，并验证了该装置用于测定该蜂活动性的可行性。(3)从杏仁蛾Cadra cautella的粪便中分离到一种利它素，它负责寄生蜂Bracon hebetor采取麻醉寄主幼虫的位置，其结构被鉴定为9，10-dihydroxy-cis-12-octabecenoic acid，这是第一个存在于动物来源的例子。(4)利用烟草甲的茧提取物对寄生蜂Cepharonomia gallicola的寄主搜索行为进行了分离纯化。一组成分被认为是脂肪酸的甾体酯，另一组为具有三个以上不饱和度的三酰基甘油。

(1) From feces of four species of phycitid moth, the almond moth Cadra cautella, the Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella, the European flour moth Anagasta kuehniella and the Tobacco moth Ephestia elutella, kairomone components responsible for eliciting egg-laying behavior were purified and their chemical structures were studied. Kairomone components of each species consisted of a mixture of 2-acyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione homologues with various chain length and unsaturation, and differed each other not only qualitatively but also quanrtitatively. Three new homologues of 2-acyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione was identified.(2) From feces of the almond moth Cadra cautalla, nonan-4-olide was isolated as a random-movement-enhancing components against the parasitic wasp Venturia canescens. An EAG device was established to evaluate the activity of the wasp, and was confirmed for its feasibility to measure the activity of wasp.(3) A kairomone responsible for a parasitoid Bracon hebetor taking a position to anesthetize host larva was isolated from feces of the almond moth Cadra cautella and the structure was identified as 9,10-dihydroxy-cis-12-octabecenoic acid, which was the first example present in animal origin.(4) Kairomone components responsible for host searching behavior of the parasitoid Cepharonomia gallicola were purified using extracts derived from cocoon of the host cigarette beetle Lasioderma serricorne. One group of components were suggested as steroid esters of fatty acids and the others as triacylgycerols with more than three unsaturation.