Chemical Biology of Parasitic Wasps

(1)从杏小蛾、印度粉蛾、欧洲粉蛾和烟草小蛾的粪便中分离纯化了诱卵活性成分，并对其化学结构进行了研究。各物种的凯龙酮成分均由不同链长和不饱和度的2-酰基环己烷-1，3-二酮同系物组成，它们不仅在定性上存在差异，而且在定量上也存在差异。鉴定了3个新的2-酰基环己烷-1，3-二酮的同系物。(2)从杏仁蛾CADRA cautalla的粪便中分离得到了一个具有随机运动增强活性的成分，其活性成分为斑点文氏菌(Venturia Canescens)。建立了测定黄蜂活动的EAG装置，并验证了其用于测定黄蜂活动的可行性。(3)从扁桃小蛾CADRA cautea的粪便中分离到一种负责麻醉寄主幼虫的凯龙酮，其结构经鉴定为9，10-二羟基-顺-12-八碳烯酸，这是动物来源中的第一例。(4)从寄主卷烟甲虫的蚕茧提取液中分离纯化了负责搜索寄主行为的凯龙酮成分。其中一组为脂肪酸酯类化合物，另一类为三个以上不饱和度的三酰基三甘油。

(1) From feces of four species of phycitid moth, the almond moth Cadra cautella, the Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella, the European flour moth Anagasta kuehniella and the Tobacco moth Ephestia elutella, kairomone components responsible for eliciting egg-laying behavior were purified and their chemical structures were studied. Kairomone components of each species consisted of a mixture of 2-acyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione homologues with various chain length and unsaturation, and differed each other not only qualitatively but also quanrtitatively. Three new homologues of 2-acyl-cyclohexane-1,3-dione was identified.(2) From feces of the almond moth Cadra cautalla, nonan-4-olide was isolated as a random-movement-enhancing components against the parasitic wasp Venturia canescens. An EAG device was established to evaluate the activity of the wasp, and was confirmed for its feasibility to measure the activity of wasp.(3) A kairomone responsible for a parasitoid Bracon hebetor taking a position to anesthetize host larva was isolated from feces of the almond moth Cadra cautella and the structure was identified as 9,10-dihydroxy-cis-12-octabecenoic acid, which was the first example present in animal origin.(4) Kairomone components responsible for host searching behavior of the parasitoid Cepharonomia gallicola were purified using extracts derived from cocoon of the host cigarette beetle Lasioderma serricorne. One group of components were suggested as steroid esters of fatty acids and the others as triacylgycerols with more than three unsaturation.