权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

International comparison of driving behavior between in Finland, Germany, and Japan

芬兰、德国和日本驾驶行为的国际比较

基本信息

批准号：
08451032
负责人：
RENGE Kazumi
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Tezukayama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08451032/
关键词：
DRIVING BEHAVIOR INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION HAZARD PERCEPTION RISK PERCEPTION SPEED INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON HEADWAY

项目摘要

The present study conducted an international comparison of driving behavior, in particular, in the fields of drivers' hazard and risk perception, interpersonal communication on roads, and time headway on motorway. Several experiments have been executed in order to establish research methods for international comparison.Drivers' hazard and risk perception was measured by an experiment in a laboratory. Videotaped traffic situations were presented to the subjects. Their scores of hazard perception, risk rating, self evaluation in safe driving and choice of speed were compared between novice and experienced drivers. Scores of hazard perception related with ones of risk rating, which related further with choice of speed. Experienced drivers could perceive hazards more correctly than novice drivers. As to interpersonal communication on roads, we compared drivers' comprehension scores to signals on roads between in Finland, Germany, and Japan. The signals diffused in Finland were presented to Finnish, German and Japanese subjects. Japanese drivers comprehended them less correctly than ones in other countries. Japanese drivers evaluated the necessity of the formal gesture-based signals lower than ones in other countries.A field experiment was conducted on a motorway. Drivers' driving speed and time headway were monitored. The more their driving speed increased, the more the headway distance increased, but drivers' time headway was stable. The time headway measured at several location correlated with each other. These studies brought some positive suggestions for the next stages of international comparison study of driving behavior.

本研究对驾驶行为进行了国际比较，特别是在驾驶员的危险和风险感知，道路上的人际沟通和高速公路上的时间间隔领域。为了建立国际比较的研究方法，进行了几个实验，通过实验室实验测量了驾驶员的危险和风险感知。向受试者展示了交通状况的录像。比较了新手和老司机的危险知觉、危险等级评定、安全驾驶自我评价和速度选择得分。危险知觉得分与危险等级得分相关，危险等级得分与速度选择相关。有经验的驾驶员比新手驾驶员更能正确地感知危险。至于道路上的人际沟通，我们比较了芬兰，德国和日本之间的驾驶员的理解分数的道路上的信号。在芬兰传播的信号被提交给芬兰，德国和日本的主题。日本司机对这些词的理解不如其他国家的司机正确。日本驾驶员对正式手势信号的必要性评价低于其他国家。司机的驾驶速度和车头时距进行了监测。随着车速的增加，车头时距也随之增加，但司机的车头时距是稳定的。在几个位置测量的车头时距彼此相关。这些研究为下一阶段的驾驶行为国际比较研究提供了一些积极的建议。