Scial Analysis of a Post-Industrial City : Sociological Meaning of Expanding Service Class

后工业城市的社会分析:扩大服务阶层的社会学意义

• 批准号: 08451045
• 负责人: SONOBE Masahisa
• 金额: $ 1.86万
• 依托单位: Sophia University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08451045/
• 关键词: Service Class; Suburb; Gender; Family; Culture; 郊外開発; 郊外ミドルクラス; ミドルクラス; 標準化調査; 階層形成; 世帯; 空間

The purpose of this research is to analyze the sociological meaning of expanding "service class". Since we had studied the service class living in the center of Tokyo before, those living in the suburbs of Tokyo were focused on in this research. In 1997, we conducted two questionnaire surveys at Someino in Sakura and at Aobaku in Yokohama. Both areas were developed by large estates companies and mainly consist of detached houses. In 1998, some non-structured interview surveys were done to follow up the results of extensive surveys. Those surveys made clear residential reasons, evaluation of suburbia, local attachment, neighborhood relations, attitudes toward family life, experiences of job transfer, cultural tastes and activities, volunteer activities, attitudes toward differences and so forth.In conclusion, suburbanization contributes to form new upper middle class or service class in terms of property assets, organizational assets and cultural assets. Three characteristics of suburbia were recognized. Firstly, suburbanization has a tendency of excluding the differences. Secondly, suburbanization reinforces social inequality. Thirdly, suburbanization reproduces gender inequalities. Compared to Anglo-Saxon suburbs, however, the effect of suburbanization here on social inequality seems to be weak because of that there is no remarkable contrast between inner city areas and suburban areas such as wealthy suburbs versus poor inner areas in Tokyo.

本研究旨在分析扩大“服务阶层”的社会学意义。由于我们之前已经对居住在东京市中心的服务阶层进行了研究，所以本研究的重点是居住在东京郊区的服务阶层。1997年，我们在樱花的Someino和横滨的青瓦库进行了两次问卷调查。这两个地区都是由大型房地产公司开发的，主要由独立住宅组成。1998年，进行了一些非结构化访谈调查，以跟进广泛调查的结果。调查结果表明，居住原因、对郊区的评价、当地依恋、邻里关系、家庭生活态度、转业经历、文化品味与活动、志愿者活动、对差异的态度等都是郊区化在财产资产、组织资产和文化资产上形成新的中上阶层或服务阶层的重要因素。郊区的三个特征被识别。首先，郊区化有排斥差异的趋势。其次，郊区化加剧了社会不平等。第三，郊区化复制了性别不平等。然而，与盎格鲁-撒克逊郊区相比，这里的郊区化对社会不平等的影响似乎很弱，因为东京的市中心和郊区之间没有明显的对比，比如富裕的郊区和贫穷的市中心。