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GRASPING CHARACTERISTIC OF THERMO-PHYSIOLOGY ON HUMAN BODY AND ESTABLISHING DESIGN METHOD OF INDOOR THERMAL ENVIRONMENT

把握人体热生理特点建立室内热环境设计方法

基本信息

批准号：
08455267
负责人：
NAKAMURA Yasuto
金额：
$ 4.22万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

(1) In order to reduce emission of carbon dioxide gas by operation of air conditioning in buildings, a characteristic of seasonal acclimatization on human body, which was one of physiological characteristics, was investigated. Taking account of the quality would make indoor temperature set loosely and air conditioning load reduce. Therefore first, using the two node model proposed by Gagge et al in body temperature regulation, numerical expression concerning effect on seasonal acclimatization was obtained. Next, experiments on thermo-physiological characteristics were caned out for the idenfical thermal condition throughout a year, to make clear a relation between annual fluctuation of outdoor temperature and seasonal variation of the quality.(2) Following results regarding sweating response in the experiments were found : 1) The threshold of outdoor temperature on sweat onset is followed seasonal variation. 2) Seasonality of sweat response is caused by the seasonal variation of the threshold on sweat onset. 3) The seasonality of sweating response is separated to four terms according to daily mean outdoor temperature 4) The most rapid variation on sweating response happens in the term toward summer.(3) Discussion on seasonaity of insensible perspiration based on the experimental results of mean skin temperature and tympanic temperature made possible to conduct the following descriptions : 1) Thermal conductance of the shell indicates seasonal variation of higher value in the term toward winter than in the term toward summer. 2) Both evaporation ability raised in summer and that reduced in winter shows a tendency to continue later. 3) Heat loss from the body is larger in the term toward winter than in the term toward summer.

(1)为了减少建筑物空调运行中二氧化碳气体的排放，研究了人体的季节适应性，即生理特性之一。考虑品质因素可使室内温度设定宽松，降低空调负荷。因此，首先利用Gagge等人提出的体温调节的两节点模型，得到了季节性习服效应的数值表达式。其次，对全年相同的热条件进行了热生理特性实验，以明确室外温度的年度波动与品质季节变化的关系。(2)实验结果表明：（1）人体出汗的起始温度随季节变化而变化。2)出汗反应的季节性是由出汗起始阈值的季节性变化引起的。3)根据室外日平均温度，将出汗反应的季节性分为四个阶段。4）出汗反应的季节性变化最快的阶段出现在夏季。(3)根据平均皮肤温度和鼓膜温度的实验结果，讨论了无感出汗的季节性，得出如下结论：1）贝壳的热导率表明，冬季的热导率比夏季的热导率高。2)夏季蒸发能力的增加和冬季蒸发能力的降低都有后期持续的趋势。3)从身体的热量损失是更大的长期对冬季比在长期对夏季。