GRASPING CHARACTERISTIC OF THERMO-PHYSIOLOGY ON HUMAN BODY AND ESTABLISHING DESIGN METHOD OF INDOOR THERMAL ENVIRONMENT

(1)为了减少建筑空调的二氧化碳气体排放，研究了人体的季节性适应特征，即人体的生理特征之一。考虑质量会使室内温度设定宽松，降低空调负荷。因此，首先利用Gagge等人提出的体温调节中的双节点模型，得到了季节适应效应的数值表达式。其次，在一年中相同的热条件下，进行了热生理特性实验，明确了室外温度的年波动与品质的季节变化之间的关系。(2)实验结果表明：1)室外温度对排汗反应的阈值具有季节性变化。2)出汗反应的季节性是由出汗阈值的季节性变化引起的。3)根据室外日平均温度将排汗反应的季节性分为4个阶段。4)排汗反应在接近夏季的阶段变化最快。(3)根据平均皮肤温度和鼓室温度的实验结果，对不感汗的季节性进行了讨论，可以进行以下描述：1)壳体的热导率在冬季的季节变化大于夏季的季节变化。(2)夏季蒸发量增加，冬季蒸发量减少，并有后期持续的趋势。3)接近冬季时身体的热量散失比接近夏季时要大。

(1) In order to reduce emission of carbon dioxide gas by operation of air conditioning in buildings, a characteristic of seasonal acclimatization on human body, which was one of physiological characteristics, was investigated. Taking account of the quality would make indoor temperature set loosely and air conditioning load reduce. Therefore first, using the two node model proposed by Gagge et al in body temperature regulation, numerical expression concerning effect on seasonal acclimatization was obtained. Next, experiments on thermo-physiological characteristics were caned out for the idenfical thermal condition throughout a year, to make clear a relation between annual fluctuation of outdoor temperature and seasonal variation of the quality.(2) Following results regarding sweating response in the experiments were found : 1) The threshold of outdoor temperature on sweat onset is followed seasonal variation. 2) Seasonality of sweat response is caused by the seasonal variation of the threshold on sweat onset. 3) The seasonality of sweating response is separated to four terms according to daily mean outdoor temperature 4) The most rapid variation on sweating response happens in the term toward summer.(3) Discussion on seasonaity of insensible perspiration based on the experimental results of mean skin temperature and tympanic temperature made possible to conduct the following descriptions : 1) Thermal conductance of the shell indicates seasonal variation of higher value in the term toward winter than in the term toward summer. 2) Both evaporation ability raised in summer and that reduced in winter shows a tendency to continue later. 3) Heat loss from the body is larger in the term toward winter than in the term toward summer.