Relationships between Visual Characteristics and Cognition of Pathes' Structure in Navigation

从路径的视觉特征和路径网络空间结构的概念知识的关系来看，导航行为涉及到这两方面的信息，可以更好地阐明导航行为。采用行走模拟技术，比较了网格型、t型、y型和0型四种迷宫空间结构中视觉信息行为与概念信息行为的异同。此外，天花板高度和墙壁颜色也可以操作。模型的空间认知在地图学习所提供的概念信息中比在引导行走所提供的视觉信息中更为精确和广泛。前者的认知风格是想象性的，后者的认知风格是类信号编码的。在以往的实际环境实验研究中，基于地图学习的重复行走并不一定会发展空间认知，因为地图学习的空间信息是概念化的、图式化的。本研究中人工合成的路径网络似乎易于被试对空间结构进行分类。相反，在本研究中，由于缺乏实际的身体运动，受试者在引导步行中的空间认知似乎很困难。对于能够模拟航海家的物理运动和通常无法操纵的实际环境条件的方法，还需要进一步的研究。

Behavior at navigation could be more clarified from the view point of the relationships between visual characteristics of path and conceptual knowledge of spatial structure of path network because the navigational behavior relates to the both information.Using a walk-through simulation technique, the study aims to compare the differences and similarities between behavior by information of visual aspects and one by conceptual information about the spatial structure of mazes which are composed as a grid-type, a T-type, a Y-type, and an 0-type. Additionally, ceiling heights and wall colors are also operated.The spatial cognition of a model is more exact and broad in the conceptual information given by map learning than in the visual information given by guided walking. And the cognitive style of the former is imaginary and the later is encoded in signal-like.In the previous experimental studies on actual environments, the repeated walking based on map learning did not necessarily develop the spatial cognition because spatial information by map learning was conceived conceptually and schematic. The artificially composed path network in this study seems to be easy for subjects to categorize the spatial structure. On the contrary, the spatial cognition in guided walking in this study seems to be difficult for the subjects because of the lack of actual body movements.The further study on the methodology which will enable to simulate navigators' physical movements and the actual environmental conditions, which can not be usually manipulated, should be more developed.