DYNAMIC STATES OF WATER MOLECULES AND SUGARS IN HORTICULTURAL PLANTS IN RESPONDING ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES USING NMR SPECTROSCOPY

使用核磁共振波谱研究园艺植物中水分子和糖的动态状态以应对环境胁迫

• 批准号: 08456022
• 负责人: IWAYA-INOUE Mari
• 金额: $ 4.42万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08456022/
• 关键词: ^1H-, ^<13>C-NMR; ^1H-NMR relaxation times (T_1, T_2); Water compartment; NMR imaging (MRI); Environmental response; Tulip (Tulipa gesneriana); Fruit ripening; Sugar; 環境ストレス; 多核NMR; 水の動態; NMR緩和時間(T1,T2); 糖代謝; 園芸植物(チューリップ球根); スピン-格子緩和時間(T1)

^1H-NMR is a non-destructive method that can be used to study the dynamic states of water in vivo. In this study, proton density map, distribution of sugars and relaxation times (T_1, T_2) in bulbs exposed to low temperatures, fruit with ripening and seed germination were examined by using ^1H-NMR imaging (MRI) , ^1H-NMR microscopy and high resolution ^1H-, ^<13>C-NMR spectroscopy. On the basis of the results, factors on changes of water status were also discussed in relation to cellular components by histohemical methods.1) Low temperature treatments in tulip bulbs increased signal intensity of mobile water in the scale parenchyma tissue whereas no mobile water was observed in noncooled bulb scales. In succession, higher water production resulting from higher respiration in the precooled bulbs when transferred to ambient temperatures encouraged metabolicactivity. The synergistic effects in water status would lead to rapid growth of the flower stalk after planting.2) Sugars in germinating barley seeds were located in vascular bundle and the solubilized endosperm. The sugars are primarily transported through the vascular bundles and, at the same time, rapidly incorporated into mesophyll cells in the leaves.3) Water in fig fruit and Japanese apricot fruit tissues consisted of three water components and free water appeared as major fraction with significant water uptake with fruit ripening. Water compartments reflected cellular heterogeneity in the fruit tissues. Furthermore, water status in cherry fruit was contradictory between the seed and pericarp with fruit ripening.

^ h - nmr是一种非破坏性的方法，可用于研究体内水的动态状态。本研究采用核磁共振成像（MRI）、核磁共振显微镜和高分辨率核磁共振光谱（1H-, <13>）对低温下球茎、成熟果实和种子萌发过程中的质子密度图、糖类分布和弛豫时间（T_1, T_2）进行了研究。在此基础上，用组织化学方法从细胞组分的角度探讨了影响水分状态变化的因素。1)低温处理增加了鳞片薄壁组织中流动水分的信号强度，而非冷却鳞片中没有流动水分。随后，预冷球茎在转移到环境温度时，由于更高的呼吸作用而产生的更高的产水量促进了代谢活动。水分状况的协同效应会导致种植后花茎的快速生长。2)萌发大麦种子中的糖主要分布在维管束和被溶解的胚乳中。糖主要通过维管束运输，同时迅速进入叶片的叶肉细胞。3)无花果和杏子果实组织水分由3种水组分组成，随果实成熟，游离水以水分为主，吸水量显著。水室反映了果实组织的细胞异质性。此外，随着果实的成熟，樱桃果实中的水分状况在种子和果皮之间是矛盾的。

项目成果

Iwaya-Inoue, M., N.Ishida, et al.(共著): "Chilling effects for normal growth of tulip bulbs estimated by MRI" Acta Horticulturae. 440. 407-412 (1996)

Iwaya-Inoue, M., N.Ishida, 等人（合著者）：“通过 MRI 估计郁金香球茎正常生长的冷却效应”Acta Horticulturae 440. 407-412 (1996)

Watanabe, G., M.Iwaya-Inoue et al.(共著): "Dynamic state of water characterized by ^1H-NMR relaxation times(T_1)and spectra for pre-chilled tulip plants in growt hand developmental stage" Acta Horticulturae. 440. 452-458 (1996)

Watanabe, G., M.Iwaya-Inoue 等人（合著者）：“通过 ^1H-NMR 弛豫时间 (T_1) 表征的水的动态状态和生长手发育阶段预冷郁金香植物的光谱” Acta园艺学440。452-458（1996）

Iwaya-Inoue, M., K.Motooka et al.(共著): "Significance of low temperature requirement on domancy breaking for tulip bulbs as estimatwd by ^1H-NMR" Cryobiology and Cryotechnology. 44・1(Accepted). (1998)

Iwaya-Inoue, M., K.Motooka 等人（合著者）：“通过 ^1H-NMR 估计低温要求对郁金香球茎休眠的重要性”Cryobiology and Cryotechnology 44·1（已接受）。 (1998)

Ishida, N., M.Koizumi and H.Kano.: "Location of sugars in barley seeds during germination by NMR microscopy." Plant Cell Environment. 19 :. 1415-1422 (1996)

Ishida, N.、M.Koizumi 和 H.Kano.：“通过 NMR 显微镜确定发芽过程中大麦种子中糖的位置。”

隈元保子、井上眞理 他(共著): "イチジク果実の成熟に伴う水の動態変化のNMRによる解析" 園芸学会雑誌. 66(別冊)・2. 234-235 (1997)

Yasuko Kumamoto、Mari Inoue 等人（合著者）：“无花果果实成熟过程中水分动态变化的核磁共振分析”，日本园艺学会杂志 66（分刊），2. 234-235（1997 年）。 ）