Study on Anti-Cerebral Mararia Substances

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1) Parasites infected erythrocytes (iRBCs) were examined by atomic farce microscopy (ARM). ARM revealed knobs, surface protrusions of Plasmodium falciparum or Babesia bovis-RBCs, have a positive charge and that the rest were negatively charged..These results suggested that the positive charge of the knob plays an important role on the adhesion process of these iRBCs to negatively charged epithelluim cells of capillaries and erythiocytes. An iRBC adheres to several RBCs, reselting in rosette formation. The rosette formation process was inhibited by N-acetyl neuramic acid, a constitute of sialic acid.2) Suramin and heparin inhibited adhesion of P.faalciparizm-iRBCs to C32 cells. ARM observations of P.falcipa.rum-iIlBCs treated with these reagents suggest that the inhibition was ascribed to neutrarization of the positive charge of the knob by the poly-anionic reagents.3) AFM revealed that invasive forms of protozoan parasites (P.falciparum, Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania amazonesis, Trypanosoma cruzz) have positively charged contact sit.. to their hostcells.4) Combination of artesunate and deferoxamine or pentoxifylline were used for the treatment of patients with severe malaria at Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Desieases in Thailand. No antagonism between artesunate and deferoxamine was found and co-administration of these reagents hastened recovery from hepatocellular dysfunction. Effects of combination of artrsunate and pentoxifyiline were not different from these of artesuanate.