The relationship between the morphology and function of various structures in the maxillofacial in children with malocclusion of deciduous dention

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For the normal development of occlusion, both the morphology and function of the various structures in the maxillo facial must develop synchronously. There are several reports on the relationship between the type of occlusion, morphology and function of various structures in the maxillo facial in the case of adults with permanent dention ; however, there are no reports in the case of children with deciduous dentition. In this study, we performed a three-dimensional morphological analysis of maxillo facial morphology as well as tooth arrangement in children with normal occlusion and anterior cross bite. The results indicate that the facial patterns of children with anterior cross bite show some distinct characteristics from those of children with normal occlusion. In order to analyze the relationship between the type of occlusion and the masticatiory performance of children with deciduous dentition. The results indicate that the occlusal contact in children with open bite is smaller than that in children with normal occlusion and that the masticatiory performance is poorer in children with open bite and anterior crossbite. There was a positive correlation between the masticatiory performance and the occlusal contact in children with normal occlusion, open bite and deep bite, while no such correlation was found between the two in children with anterior cross bite. Furthermore, electromyograms of the masseter and temporalis muscles of children with deciduous dentition were examined using a simplified technique in order to analyze the activities of the muscles of mastication during sleep. Occiusal contact was observed even in children with temporary teeth during sleep, and synchronous activity of the temporalis and masseter muscles was observed.