A Research on the Acquistion and Change of Scientific Concepts from Kindergarten to Adulthood

幼儿园至成年科学观念的习得与变化研究

• 批准号: 08458049
• 负责人: TAKEMURA Shigekazu
• 金额: $ 5.31万
• 依托单位: HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08458049/
• 关键词: cross-age; contentdependency; cooperative practice; 単純電気回路; 学年横断的研究; 物理概念; 知的環境

This research primarily dealt with the domains of cognitive psychology, philosophy of science and science education to determine the features of longitudinal and academic application of the findings.During the first year of the research, a survey using pendulum as material was made. It lasted for a few months. The subjects' age ranged from 5 years old to 88 years old. It was found out that the subjects ranging from 30 to 40 years of age were able to solve the problems on pendulum correctly as a result of the inclusion of these aspects in the science curriculum at the time they were still enrolled at the elementary school. The influence of metascience concepts could also be considered helpful in improving the acquisition of various scientific concepts.On the following year, a survey using a simple electric circuit was undertaken with subjects from the lower secondary schools in Toyama and Saga prefectures. The purpose was to determine the contextual influence of environment. A survey on the environment of the learners was undertaken to determine the influence of science programs and school environment on electric circuit conceptual acquisition. This research on congnition in science learning shows the importance of knowing the factors that influence effective educational strategies.Furthermore, during the implementation of the two phases of the research, it was possible for the researchers to promote the involvement of teachers in the field. It was also possible to involve experts on this area from various countries which include the United States of America and the United Kingdom and therefore made possible international exchange of ideas and experiences.

本研究主要涉及认知心理学、科学哲学和科学教育等领域，以确定研究结果的纵向和学术应用特征。它持续了几个月。受试者的年龄范围为5岁至88岁。结果发现，年龄在30至40岁之间的受试者能够正确地解决摆问题，这是因为在他们还在小学就读时，科学课程就包括了这些方面。元科学概念的影响也可以被认为有助于提高各种科学概念的获得。第二年，在富山县和佐贺县的初中，对被试进行了使用简单电路的调查。目的是确定环境的背景影响。通过对学生学习环境的调查，探讨了科学课程和学校环境对学生电路概念习得的影响。本研究以科学学习认知为研究对象，探讨影响有效教育策略的因素，并在两阶段的研究中，促进教师的参与。此外，还邀请了包括美利坚合众国和联合王国在内的各国有关这一领域的专家参加会议，从而使国际上的意见和经验交流成为可能。