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Appling of Picturesque Views to Environmental Design

如画景观在环境设计中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
08459020
负责人：
DEGUCHI Atsushi
金额：
$ 4.48万
依托单位：
Kyushu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

(1) Composition of riverscapeTypical riverscape Compositions are stream axis and opposite bank views. The axis views are to see the upper stream with mountain from bridges, and the opposite bank views are to see townscape with landmark from the pedestrian space. Both observer positions are pedestrian space on curved river and bridges.(2) Composition of greenery landscapeTrees have four compositional functions : (a)function of framing, by drawing trees on the both sides of the scene ; (b)function of expressing distance, by drawing tree in the left or right side of the scene ; (c)function of dividing a scene, by drawing tree in the middle ; (d)f unction of directing eyes, by drawing row of trees toward the end of the road.(3) Composition of townscapeTypical townscape Compositions are street axis, facade and bird's-eye views. In these cases, building design and height on the squares and parks influence on the composition of townscape.(4) Observer positions of paintingsField survey results on observer positions of Impressionism and Ukiyo-E Landscape paintings as follows ; as for impressionism, these positions are preserved as square, pedestrian space and terrace of building, and these compositions are similar to present real views. As for Ukiyo-E, townscape of built-up areas, are almost similar to real views. However, mountains which draw in long-distance landscapes, sometimes are deformed into changed layout or on reduced scale.(5) Townscape master-plan of local governmentThe master-plan maps consist of four naps ; present condition map, subject map, guideline plan map, and problem area plan map.

（1）河景构图典型的河景构图为溪流轴线和对岸景观。轴线景观是从桥梁上看到上游的山景，对岸景观是从步行空间看到的城市景观和地标。两个观察者的位置都是弯曲的河流和桥梁上的行人空间。(2)绿化景观的构图树木具有四种构图功能：(a)取景功能，在场景的两侧绘制树木；(b)构图功能。 (b)表达距离的功能，通过在场景的左侧或右侧画树； (c)分割场景的功能，通过在中间画树； (d) 引导视线的功能，通过将一排树木引向道路的尽头。 (3) 城市景观的构图典型的城市景观构图是街道轴线、立面和鸟瞰图。在这些情况下，广场和公园的建筑设计和高度都会影响城市景观的构成。(4)绘画的观察者位置印象派和浮世绘风景画的观察者位置的实地调查结果如下：对于印象派来说，这些位置被保留为广场、步行空间和建筑露台，这些构图与现在的真实景观相似。至于浮世绘，建筑区的街道景观几乎与真实景观相似。然而，绘制远距离景观的山脉，有时会变形为布局变化或缩小比例。（5）地方政府城市景观总体规划总体规划图由四个小点组成；现状图、主题图、指导性规划图、问题领域规划图。