The New Procedure to Code and analyze the Open-ended Questions' Data in Social Research

本研究的目的是展示用于文本数据分析的新的计算机辅助技术。到目前为止，日本在使用个人计算机进行内容分析方面的尝试很少。主要原因是日本人有一个很难解决的问题。日语没有明确的区分词性的方法。然后，我们关注的是开发新的计算机程序来对单词进行分类。第一个问题是如何将大量文本转换为机器可读的格式。第二个问题是如何编码文本数据。三是分析的方法。重点是在个人计算机上开发日语文本材料编码软件。我们已经完成了两个程序：AUTOCODE程序和KTCoder程序。AUTOCODE程序最初是为了支持调查问卷中开放式问题的编码而开发的。它的基本功能是在Windows上进行剪切和粘贴。它帮助从原始文本数据中收集相似的文本片段，并且AUTOCODE生成编码规则文件。该文件可用于确认编码的精度。AUTOCODE程序按照编码规则文件对文本数据进行编码，并输出可用SPSS等统计软件包进行分析的文件。该程序具有图形用户界面，可以使用鼠标。KTCoder将原始文本数据分成单独的段，并输出包含每个代码位置的文件。程序使用和创建的包含带有位置数据信息的代码的所有文件都以标准数据库格式存储。这为用户提供了使用其他软件工具的广泛可能性，例如Access。该程序还具有图形用户界面，可以使用鼠标。

The purpose of this research is to show the new computer-aided techniques for the analysis of textual data. Only few attempts have so far been made at content analysis with personal computer in Japan. The main reason is that Japanese have a difficult problem to solve. Japanese have no explicit break to classify words according to a part of speech. Then, our concern is to make new computer programs to classify words.There are three steps in this research. The first is how large amounts of text are converted to machine-readable format. The second is how to code textual data. The third is the methods of analyzing it.The point is to make the software for coding textual materials in Japanese on personal computers. We have completed two programs : AUTOCODE program and KTCoder.AUTOCODE program was originally developed to support the coding of open-ended questions in survey questionnaires. Its basic function is 'cut-and paste' for Windows. It aids to collect similar text segments from the raw textual data and AUTOCODE makes a coding-rule-file. This file can be used to confirm the precision of coding. AUTOCODE program codes textual data in accordance with the coding-rule-file and outputs the file that can be analyzed with statistical package soft such as SPSS. This program has graphical user interface and a mouse can be used.KTCoder divides the raw textual data into separate segments and outputs the files that include the locations of each code. All files used and created by the program that contain code with information of location data are stored in standard database format. This offers users extensive possibilities for using other software tools, for instance, Access. This program has also graphical user interface and a mouse can be used.