DEVELOPMENT AND UTILIZATION OF LIGHTS FOR GRAPE GROWING UNDER STRUCTURE

通过试验制作了发光二极管为660nm （LED660）和450nm （LED450）的灯，以及编码为LED660和LED450的灯。LED660和LED660+450的长日处理刺激了pione葡萄的茎部生长和花原基的分化，并在3种不同的日长条件下对3个葡萄品种进行了siIica、red和plant-lux的长日处理。长时间的治疗在Pione最有效，其次是Ddaware，还有亚历山大的Muscat，自然日长越短，无论使用什么灯，长时间治疗的效果越好。为了评估生长条件下的额外照明，商业化的Pione葡萄由Piant-Iux长时间保存。长日处理在葡萄生长和浆果生产中是有效的，特别是在一年两次的收获系统中。UV-A光照对葡萄果皮花青素积累的影响在不同品种间差异很大。从Veraison开始，在商业温室中种植的Gros Colman'葡萄的浆果粉被UV-A照射2周，收获UV-A后，果皮中花青素的积累也得到了促进，但效果明显低于UV-A，果皮中PAL（l -苯丙氨酸氨酶）活性在UV-A照射后明显升高。果皮中的花青素成分在uv - aa - iII照射下发生了变化，尽管这取决于葡萄品种。基于遗传分析，认为myb11、PAL 5和PAL 14基因可能调控浆果果皮花青素的合成

The lamps of light emmitting diode of 660nm (LED660) and 450nm (LED450) and a lamp comdined LED660 and LED450 were manufactured by way of trial experiment Long-day Treatment by LED660 and LED660+450 stimuIated the shoot growth and differentiaton of flower primcrdium inPione' grapes Long-day treatments were conducted in three grape cuItivars by lamps of siIica, red and plant-lux under three different conditions day-Iength Judging from the superior shoot growth and bunch differentiation, Iong-day treatment was the most effective in Pione', foIIowed in Ddaware', and 'Muscat of Aiexandria' The shorter the natural daylength, the larger was the effectiveness of long-day treatment irrespective of lamps used. To evaIuate an additional Iighting under growing conditons, commerciaI Pione' grapes were kept to long-day by a Piant-Iux. Long-day treatment was effective in vine growth and berry production, especiaIIy in a twice- a-year harvesting system.Effect of UV-A illumination on anthocyanin accumulation in skin of grapebemes varied wideIy among tha cuItivars. When berry dusters of Gros Colman' grape grown in a commerciaI gIass house were iIIuminated by UV-A for ii weeks from Veraison to harvest UV-A enhanced accumuIation of anthocyanin in the skin White hight was 'aIso promotive, but the Effectiveness was consideradIy Iess than UV-A PAL(L-phenyIaIanine ammonia-Iyase) activity in the skin markedIy rose Just after UV-A iII umination. Anthocyanin constituents in the skin were changed by UV-A iII umination , aIthough depending on the grape cultivars. Based on the genetic analysis, it Was thought that the genes of myb 11, PAL 5and PAL 14 may reguIate the synthesis of anthocyanin in berry skin