DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEM FOR ACCURATE MEASUREMENT OF CARBON DIOXIDE DISSOLVED IN SEA AND STUDY ON THE CLARIFICATION OF SPECIES OF DISSOLVED CARBON DIOXIDE

本项目研制了一种精确测量海水中溶解的二氧化碳(CO2)和空气中存在的CO2的新装置，以分析溶解的二氧化碳的各种形态，并确定二氧化碳在海洋和空气中的分配平衡。研究结果总结如下：1.研究成果。高效气体扩散装置的研制一种管状微孔聚四氟乙烯膜被发现非常适用于气体CO_2的分离，并被安装在气体扩散装置中而不需要任何胶水。建立了高灵敏的CO_2检测体系。研究了各种酸性染料对CO_2的显色反应，发现甲酚红的显色反应效果最好。此外，还合成了新的染料，并进行了现场测试。合成的试剂中，4-(2，4-二硝基苯偶氮)-1-萘酚-5-磺酸效果最好。使用新开发的试剂的这个系统是…更多用于便携式FIA。无二氧化碳水制备系统的开发。该系统由离子交换柱和泵组成，将无二氧化碳的净化水用于水中总二氧化碳的灵敏测定。总CO_2测定系统的研制。该系统由一个双柱塞泵、一个六通喷射器、一个反应线圈、一个检测器和新研制的气体扩散装置组装而成。此外，还开发了一箱式便携式流动注射分析系统；该系统使用12V电池工作，数据存储在存储卡或笔记型个人计算机中。利用该系统可以实现对海、空气中二氧化碳的现场分析。二氧化碳在海、气之间的分配平衡研究。利用便携式流动注射分析装置可在现场快速实现平衡，并利用总浓度和平衡常数分析了溶解CO2的各种形态。较少

In this project, a new apparatus for accurate measurement of carbon dioxide (CO_2) dissolved in sea water, as well as CO_2 present in air, was developed to analyze various species of dissolved carbon dioxide and to determine the distribution equilibrium of CO_2 between sea and air. The results are summarized as follows.1. Development of high-efficiency gas diffusion unit. A tubular microporous PTFE membrane was found to be very useful for the separation of gaseous CO_2, and was installed in the gas diffusion apparatus without any glue.2. Development of highly sensitive detection system for CO_2. The coloration reaction for the sensitive detection of CO_2 was investigated by using various kinds of acidic dyes : Cresol Red was found to be the best. Furthermore, new kinds of dyes were synthesized and examined for the on-site measurement. Of the reagents synthesized, 4- (2,4-dinitrophenylazo) -1-naphthol-5-sulfonic acid was the best of all. This system with the newly developed reagent was … More used for the portable FIA.3. Development of the system for the preparation of non-carbon-dioxide water. The system was assembled with ion exchange columns and a pump, and the purified water without CO_2 was used for the sensitive determination of total carbon dioxide in water.4. Development of systems for the determination of total CO_2. The system was assembled using a double-plunger pump, a six-way injector, a reaction coil, a detector and the gas-diffusion apparatus newly developed in this study. Further, a one-box portable FIA system was developed ; the system worked with a 12V battery, and the data was stored in memory cards or a note-type personal computer. By using this system, on-site analysis of CO_2 in sea and air could be achieved.5. Study on the distribution equilibrium of carbon dioxide between sea and air. The equilibrium could be achieved rapidly on site with the portable FIA,and each species of dissolved CO_2 was analyzed using the total concentration and the equilibrium constants. Less