Accurate Analysis of Dissolved States of Carbon Dioxide in Sea Water and Development of On-site Measuring System

本研究的目的是研制一种新型的现场准确测定大气和海水中二氧化碳总量的仪器，并在现场准确、快速地测量大气和海洋之间二氧化碳的交换速率和质量。在本研究中，我们开发了一种新的便携式分析仪和一种新的大气中二氧化碳和海水中总碳酸盐的检测方法，并开发了一种制备无碳酸盐纯净水和测定和去除碱性溶液中碳酸盐的方法。利用该新方法，实现了二氧化碳和碳酸盐的准确灵敏测定，根据平衡原理澄清了海水中溶解的碳酸盐种类，明确了二氧化碳在大气和海洋之间的准确分布行为。本研究得到的主要结果如下：1。便携式水中总碳酸盐分析仪的研制：该系统可用于现场水样中总碳酸盐和大气中二氧化碳的测定。该系统基于流动注射技术与气体扩散装置相结合，该装置在本研究中开发，对二氧化碳的扩散非常有效。该系统可以通过12v电池工作，也可以通过100v电池工作，重量为8公斤，宽16厘米，高16厘米，深32厘米。水样，如海水、河水和雨水，可直接注入，在3分钟内测量。高灵敏度碳酸盐检测试剂的开发：本研究合成了25种偶氮染料，发现了一种新的检测试剂。该试剂可用于在450nm led下对水样中总碳酸盐的灵敏检测。大气中二氧化碳测定方法的建立：本研究建立的方法是将空气样品中的二氧化碳吸附到塑料注射器中的三乙醇胺溶液中，并用新开发的分析仪测量吸附溶液中的碳酸盐。海水中二氧化碳溶解态分析：通过求解溶液中存在的平衡，可以估计海水样品中溶解的种类及其浓度，并首次进行了二氧化碳在空气和水相之间的分布平衡和分配速率的分析。少

The aims of this study are to develop a novel instrument for the accurate on-site determination of total carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and seawater and to measure accurately and rapidly the exchange rate and mass of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the sea on site. In the present study, we developed a new portable analyzer and a new detection method for the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the total carbonate in the seawater, and also developed a method for the preparation of carbonate-free purified water and for the determination and the removal of carbonate in alkaline solutions. By using such novel methods, accurate and sensitive determination of carbon dioxide and carbonate was achieved, the carbonate species dissolved in seawater was clarified on the basis of the equilibrium principle, and the accurate distribution behavior of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the sea was clarified. The main results obtained in this study are as follows.1. Development of a … More portable analyzer for total carbonate in waters : This system was used for the determination of total carbonate in water samples and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere on site. The system is based on a flow injection technique coupled with a gas-diffusion apparatus, which was developed in the present study and is very effective for the diffusion of carbon dioxide. This system can work by a 12 V battery, as well as 100 V, and is 8 kg weigh, 16 cm wide x 16 cm high x 32 cm deep. The aqueous samples, such as sea, river and rain waters, can be injected directly and measured within 3 min.2. Development of highly sensitive detection reagent for carbonate : About twenty-five azo dyes were synthesized in this study, and a novel reagent was found. The reagent can be used for sensitive detection of total carbonate in water samples at 450 nm of LED.3. Development of the determination method for carbon dioxide in the atmosphere : The method developed in this study is based on the adsorption of carbon dioxide in air samples into a triethanolamine solution in plastic syringes and the measurement of carbonate in the adsorption solutions by the newly developed analyzer.4. Analysis of the dissolved states of carbon dioxide in sea water : The estimation of the dissolved species and their concentrations in sea water samples could be achieved by solving the equilibriums existing in the solutions, and the analysis of the distribution equilibrium and the distribution rate of carbon dioxide between the air and the water phase were carried out, for the first time, in this study. Less