Accurate Analysis of Dissolved States of Carbon Dioxide in Sea Water and Development of On-site Measuring System

这项研究的目的是开发一种新的仪器，用于现场准确测定大气和海水中的总二氧化碳，并准确、快速地测量大气和海洋之间的二氧化碳交换速率和质量。在本研究中，我们开发了一种新的便携式分析仪和一种新的大气中二氧化碳和海水中总碳酸盐的检测方法，并开发了一种制备无碳酸盐纯净水和测定和去除碱性溶液中碳酸盐的方法。通过这些新的方法，实现了二氧化碳和碳酸盐的准确、灵敏的测定，并根据平衡原理澄清了碳酸盐在海水中的溶解形态，阐明了二氧化碳在大气和海洋之间的准确分配行为。本研究取得的主要成果如下：1.研究结果。一种…的开发更加便携的水中总碳酸盐分析仪：该系统用于现场测定水样中的总碳酸盐和大气中的二氧化碳。该系统是基于流动注射技术和气体扩散装置相结合的，该装置是本研究开发的，对二氧化碳的扩散非常有效。该系统可以使用12V电池，也可以使用100V电池，重量8公斤，宽16厘米，高16厘米，深32厘米。海水、河流、雨水等水样可直接进样，3分钟内测量。碳酸盐高灵敏检测试剂的研制：合成了约25种偶氮染料，并发现了一种新试剂。该试剂可用于水样中总碳酸盐的灵敏检测，检测波长为450 nm。大气中二氧化碳的测定方法的建立：本研究建立的方法是基于空气样品中的二氧化碳在塑料注射器中的三乙醇胺溶液中的吸附，以及利用新开发的分析仪测量吸附溶液中的碳酸盐。二氧化碳在海水中的溶解状态分析：通过求解溶液中存在的平衡来估计海水样品中的溶解物种及其浓度，并首次对二氧化碳在空气和水相之间的分配平衡和分配速率进行了分析。较少

The aims of this study are to develop a novel instrument for the accurate on-site determination of total carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and seawater and to measure accurately and rapidly the exchange rate and mass of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the sea on site. In the present study, we developed a new portable analyzer and a new detection method for the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the total carbonate in the seawater, and also developed a method for the preparation of carbonate-free purified water and for the determination and the removal of carbonate in alkaline solutions. By using such novel methods, accurate and sensitive determination of carbon dioxide and carbonate was achieved, the carbonate species dissolved in seawater was clarified on the basis of the equilibrium principle, and the accurate distribution behavior of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the sea was clarified. The main results obtained in this study are as follows.1. Development of a … More portable analyzer for total carbonate in waters : This system was used for the determination of total carbonate in water samples and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere on site. The system is based on a flow injection technique coupled with a gas-diffusion apparatus, which was developed in the present study and is very effective for the diffusion of carbon dioxide. This system can work by a 12 V battery, as well as 100 V, and is 8 kg weigh, 16 cm wide x 16 cm high x 32 cm deep. The aqueous samples, such as sea, river and rain waters, can be injected directly and measured within 3 min.2. Development of highly sensitive detection reagent for carbonate : About twenty-five azo dyes were synthesized in this study, and a novel reagent was found. The reagent can be used for sensitive detection of total carbonate in water samples at 450 nm of LED.3. Development of the determination method for carbon dioxide in the atmosphere : The method developed in this study is based on the adsorption of carbon dioxide in air samples into a triethanolamine solution in plastic syringes and the measurement of carbonate in the adsorption solutions by the newly developed analyzer.4. Analysis of the dissolved states of carbon dioxide in sea water : The estimation of the dissolved species and their concentrations in sea water samples could be achieved by solving the equilibriums existing in the solutions, and the analysis of the distribution equilibrium and the distribution rate of carbon dioxide between the air and the water phase were carried out, for the first time, in this study. Less