Longitudinal and developmental studies of process of changes in peer relations and social skills in children

本研究的主要目的是考察儿童同伴社会地位稳定性与行为特征一致性之间的纵向关系。在第一项研究中，比较了受欢迎、被拒绝、被忽视、有争议和普通儿童的五个地位群体，以研究哪种地位倾向于在幼儿期持续两年。在研究5中，从幼儿园转入小学后的一年到五年，对幼儿的五个地位群体进行了追踪。结果发现，受欢迎和被拒绝的儿童的地位会持续很长一段时间，而被忽视的儿童的地位在1年后更容易发生变化。研究3中，追踪了受欢迎的稳定性和儿童早期行为特征的一致性之间的联系。行为特征的个体差异进行了评估与同伴行为提名和行为观察措施。研究结果表明，受欢迎程度的稳定性与社交能力的增强和攻击性的降低有关。在研究2和4中，比较了童年3年期间稳定和不稳定地位群体的孤独感以及社交能力、攻击性的同伴行为评估。和撤退。结果表明，同伴拒绝的慢性增加儿童的孤独感和增加社交和侵略改善和减少儿童的同伴地位，分别。

The main purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal relations between stability in peer social status and consistency in behavioral characteristics in children. In the study 1, five status groups of popular, rejected, neglected, controversial and average children were compared to examine which status tend to continue over a 2-year period during early childhood. There were significant continuities of popular and rejected status.In the study 5, five status groups of young children were traced from one year to five years later, after children had transferred from kindergarten to elementary school. It was found that status of popular and rejected children continued over a long period of time, whereas status of neglected children was more likely to change after a 1-year period.In the study 3, connections were traced between stability of popularity and consistency in behavioral characteristics during early childhood. Individual differences in behavioral characteristics were assessed with peer behavior nominations and behavioral observation measures. Findings suggested that stability of popularity was associated with increased sociability and decreased aggression.In the study 2 and 4, stable and unstable status groups across a 3-year period in childhood were compared in terms of lonliness and peer behavioral assessments of sociability, aggression, and withdrawal. Results demonstrated that chronicity of peer rejection increased children's loneliness and that an increase in sociability and aggression improved and reduced children's peer status, respectively.