Sociological Studies on Academic Women Activity

本研究分为两个部分。第一部分，对卡内基教学促进基金会1992年的研究数据进行再分析。第二部分主要从社会化过程的角度对日本女大学生的活动进行研究。在日本，学术女性人数很少，活跃度低。许多妇女仍然被排除在允许妇女充分参与和成长、促进生产力和变革的活动之外，随着妇女在社会中的地位上升，她们在一定程度上受到旧规范的残余力量的阻碍，这些旧规范过去完全禁止妇女从事职业生活。这些规范规定了公共领域和私人领域之间的明显分工，分配男子承担公共责任，男子承担私人责任，男子从事智力、情感和关系方面的工作，尽管对角色的严格划分正在削弱，但关于妇女智力"较低"的偏见仍然通过一种双重责任制度微妙而有效地运作。最高层行使真实的权力，几乎完全由男子组成。最底层的人履行支助职能，由一些男子和几乎所有的职业妇女组成，她们也承担着私人和家庭责任的主要负担。女性在进入科学界之前仍然需要克服巨大的障碍。

This resach consists of two sections. In the first section, re-analysis on the research data of Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching 1992. In the Second section, Japanese academic wemen Activities are researched focused on socialization Prosess. In Japan, Academic Women are few and her activity are low. Many women continue to be excluded from the very activities that allow fou full participation and growth, for productivity and change.As Women rise in academe, they are stymied at a certain level by the remaining force of the old norms which in the past barred women from professional life altogether. These norms decreed a sharp division between public and private realms, assigning men to public duties, momen to private, men to intellectual pursuits, emotional and relational ones.Although the strict division on roles is eroding, prejudices about womens 'lesser' intellectual power still operate, subtly but effectively, through a two-tiered system of responsibility. The top tier exercises the real authority and consists almost exclusively of men. The bottom tier carries out supportive functions and consists of some men and nearly all the professin's women, who also carry the major burden of private and familial responsibities. Women still fade formidable barriers before enterring science.