Historical Stuby of the theory on Kindergarten in Modern Japan

本研究旨在探讨近代日本的幼儿园理论，并厘清20世纪20年代至40年代日本幼儿园制度的特点。研究结果如下：1。近代日本的幼儿园理论受到了美国和德国幼儿园改革运动的影响。盛冈津藏受到雷小山“人民幼儿园”思想的影响。然后，他策划了《幼稚园条例》，旨在整合两级学前教育体系。KURAHASHI Sozo在战争时期受到了“Kulturpadagogik”和e.s spranger民族教育思想的影响。当时他认为日本幼儿园应该改组为“国立幼儿园”，这个想法必须是民族主义的。“国民幼儿园”也想让人们意识到它的有用性，并进一步获得它在学校系统中的地位。在第二次世界大战时期，“国立幼儿园”的理念并不被接受，但仓桥的幼儿园制度思想在战后的教育改革中被接受。因此，幼儿园可以在日本的学校体系中获得自己的地位。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the theory on Kindergarten in Modern Japan, and to clarify the characteristics on Japanese Kindergarten system between the 1900's and 1940's.The results are as follows :1.The theory on Kindergarten in Modern Japan was under the influence of the movement of Kindergarten's reform in U.S.A.and Germany.2.MORIOKA Tunezo was under the influence of W.Rein's thought on "Volkskindergarten". Then he made plans of Ordinance Relating to Kindergartens, which aimed at the integration of two tier systems of preschool education.3.KURAHASHI Sozo was under the influences of "Kulturpadagogik" and E.Spranger's thought on national education in time of war. At that time he thought that Japanese Kindergarten should be reorganized to "National Kindergarten", which idea had to be nationalistic. "National Kindergarten" also intended to make peaple realize its usefulness and furthermore gain its position in school system.4.In time of the World War II,the idea of "National Kindergarten"wasn't accepted, but KURAHASHI's thought of Kindergarten system was accepted in the postwar educational reform. Therefore, Kindergarten could acquire its position in Japanese school system.