TRADE DIASPORA COMMUNITIES IN ISLAMIC MULTI-CULTURAL STRUCTURE

当今社会科学最紧迫的课题之一是在这个有限的地球生态系统中找到一种共存结构，这是民族国家体系未能提供的。这项研究报道了突尼斯杰尔巴岛的犹太人社区，比较了伊斯兰社会中的迪米人和民族国家体系中的少数民族的概念。该岛的不同民族，包括犹太人，都有特定的生活方式。每个社区又被进一步划分为几个阶层。与曾经流行的马赛克理论所暗示的相反，耶尔比亚犹太人社区在某种意义上是孤立的，但同时，在岛上有限的生态系统下，它的生存通过日常的商业活动与其他社区合作。一些社区成员也从事国际贸易。这种动态的社区内部/社区间关系使最大限度地利用有限资源中的细微差异成为可能。如…所示更多的是通过杰尔比亚犹太人社区的情况，Dhimmi在伊斯兰社会中并不像过去认为的那样静态或单一。被分割的部分之间的多种社区内部/社区之间的关系表征并保证了Dhimmi系统的活力。伊斯兰实体文化体系以广泛的商业网络结构为特征，以城镇为节点，连接不同的生态系统，在不同群体之间起着平衡器的作用。今天，伊斯兰世界的民族国家不仅加速了环境与人类社会之间平衡的破坏，而且还拉大了贫富差距。加尔巴岛摆脱不了民族国家体系。伊斯兰多文化乡村体系没有像以前那样在提供共存结构方面发挥作用。伊斯兰原教旨主义和鼓吹宗教或文化原始联系的新族裔越来越受欢迎，但它也加剧了涉及经济分配和政治重新分配的大规模暴力。伊斯兰多元文化体系可能看起来过时了，但对它的重新评估可能会带来一种新的可能性。较少

The one of the most urgent topics of today's social sciences is to find a co-existence structure in this limited ecosystem of the Earth, which the nation-state system have failed to provide. Reporting about the Jewish community in Jerba island in Tunisia, this study compares the concept of Dhimmi in Islamic society with that of minorities in the nation-state system.Island's various ethnic groups, including the Jewish, are each specialized in certain ways of living. Each community is further devided into several strata. Contrary to what once-popular Mosaic theory implies, Jerbian Jewish community has been isolated in a sense, but at the same time, for its survival has cooperated with other communities through daily commdercial activities under the limited ecosystem of the island. Some members of the community engage in international trade as well. Such dynamic intra/inter-communal relationships make possible to utilize maximally the subtle differences in limited resources.As illustrated … More by the case of Jerbian Jewish community, Dhimmi in Islamix society as not so static or monolythic as used to believe. The manifold intra/inter communal-relationship among divided pieces characterizes and guarantees the dynamics of the Dhimmi system. Islamic nuti-cultural system is characterized by the extensive commercial network structure connected with separate ecosystems through towns as its nodes, has worked as the balancer among different groups.Today, Nation-states in Islamic world are not only accelerate the destruction of the balance between the enviroment and human society, but are also widen the gap between the poor and the rich. Jarba island can not escape from the nation-state system. Islamic milti-culrural system has not playd a role in providing a coexistence structure, as it once did. Islamic fundamentalism and new ethnicity that advocates the religious or cultural primordial ties, has gained popularity, but it also intensifies mass violence concerning the economic distribution and political re-distrubution. Islamic multi-cultural system may look obsolete, but revaluation of it may suggest a new possibilities. Less