Study of the Cultural History of Prague

首先，当我在研究布拉格形成的环境时，很明显，布拉格是在欧洲具有独特地位的城市。关于“布拉格”的词源有各种各样的观点，但根据非常可靠的观点，“布拉格”来源于“prahy”（浅滩）一词。布拉格位于欧洲的中心，是在易北河分支上的摩尔道浅滩上，连接欧洲南北东西的道路交汇处形成的城镇。从中世纪开始，布拉格就一直是欧洲的十字路口。然而，根据一个非常著名的传说，“布拉格”来自“prah”（门槛）。这是关于波希米亚第一位皇后Libuse的传说，据说她建立了布拉格，这个著名的传说随着时代的变化而变化，产生了各种捷克和德国艺术作品。这样，通过对布拉格各种专有名词的一系列研究，我可以揭示出布拉格文化史上非常有趣的事实：从布拉格形成的第一个时期开始，布拉格就不仅仅是捷克人的城市，也是德国人和犹太人的城市。通过对布拉格文化历史的追溯，我可以清楚地看到它的多元文化特征。正如193年移民到布拉格的奥地利画家和戏剧家奥斯卡·科科施卡所说，布拉格已经成为“欧洲最终到达的国际化中心”。

First, when I was researching the circumstances of Prague's formation, it became clear that Prague was the city which had the unique status in Europe. There are various opinions about the etymology of "Prague", but according to the very authentic opinion, "Prague" derives from the word "prahy" (the shoal). Prague, which is situated at the center of Europe, is the town that was formed in the spot where intersect the roads which link the north, the south, the east and the west of Europe on the shoal of the Moldau river on the Elbe river branch. And Prague has been a cross route in Europe from the Middle Ages. However, according to the very famous legend, "Prague" derives from "prah" (the threshold). This was the legend that concerns Libuse, the first empress of Bohemia, who was said to have founded Prague, and this famous legend, changing in the times, produced various Czech and German art works. In this way, by a series of studies about the various proper nouns of Prague, I could reveal very interesting facts in the cultural history of Prague.From the first period of the formation of Prague, Prague was not merely a city of the Czech people, but also a city of the German and Jewish peoples. By tracing the cultural history of Prague, I could make clear its multi-cultural character. As Oscar Kokoschka, Austrian painter and dramatist who had the Czech patronymic and immigrated to Prague in the 193 Os, said, Prague has become "a cosmopolitan center that Europe arrived at last".