A Study of Female College-Going Behavior

本研究探讨了决定女性大学行为的基本因素及其相关问题。它首先使用女性劳动力参与率和其他数据计算女性高等教育的内部回报率。计算结果表明，其内部回报率相当高，高于男性大学教育的内部回报率。其次，考虑学费、家庭收入、失业率、女性劳动力参与率等因素的影响，对女性大学入学率进行时序分析。结果表明，这些因素对女性大学入学行为有显著影响。人们特别发现，家庭收入的增加和年轻妇女劳动参与率的增加导致最近大学女生入学率的增加。然后，采用定性反应模型，从三方面分析女性的大学行为。首先，对定性响应模型的理论背景及其估计方法进行了说明。它建议使用带有最小X^2方法的logit模型作为估计技术。其次，对女性大学生的升学行为与男性大学生的升学行为进行二项分析。研究得出结论，父母相对较低的社会经济地位使他们的孩子有较高的动机接受高等教育。第三，采用多项logit模型对高中女生升学、大专和就业行为进行了评估。主要结论是父母的社会经济地位比二项模型更强。

This study investigated the fundamental problem of what factors determine female college-going behavior and related problems. It first computed internal rates of return to female higher education using data for female labor force participation and other data. The computation results show thata the internal retes of return are quite high and higher than those to male university education. Next, a time-series analysis of the rate of female enrollment in university was undertaken by considering the effects of tuition, family income, unemployment rates, rates of female labor force participation, and so on. The results show that these factors have significant effects on female college-going behavior. It was found in particular that increases in family income and the rate of labor force participation of young women generated recent increases in the female enrollment in university. Then, female college-going behavior was analyzed using a qualitative response model in three ways. First, an explanation was given as to the theoretical background for the qualitative response model and its estimation method. It recommends use of a logit model with the minimum X^2 method as an estimation technique. Secondly, a binomial logit analysis of female college-going behavior was undertaken in comparison with the case of males. It concludes that parents' relatively low socioeconomic status generates their children's high motivation to enroll in higher education. Thirdly, a multinomial logit model was employed to estimate the behavior of female high-school leavers regarding going to university, going to junior college, or seeking employment. The main conclusion is that parents' socioeconomic status is stronger than in the binomial model.