EU Common Shipping Policy

本研究的目的是给出一个完整的“欧盟共同航运政策”，特别是欧盟竞争政策的重点。“航运公会”这一航运卡特尔制度受到集装箱革命和美国1984年《航运法》的强烈影响。国际班轮运输公司发明了几种协议，旨在保护班轮运费的下降。本研究旨在描述欧盟委员会的DG IV（竞争）和DG VII（运输）对这些协议的历史法律和政策态度，从欧共体开始到现在。这些问题涉及欧共体第85条和第86条对海上运输的适用，即1986年12月22日理事会第4056/86号条例，该条例规定了《条约》第85条和第86条对海上运输的适用的详细规则，以及1995年4月20日委员会第870/95号条例（欧共体）。

The purpose of this study is to give a complete picture of "EU Common Shipping Policy" especially with an emphasis on EU Competition Policy. "Shipping Conference", the system of shipping cartel, was strongly affected by container revolution and US Shipping Act of 1984. International liner Shipping Companies invented serveral kinds of agreements which intented to protect the decline of liner shipping rates. This study is to describe the historical legal and policy atitute between EU Committee's DG IV(Competition) and DG VII (Transport) against these agreements since the begining of EC and present.These concern with application of Articles 85 and 86 EC for maritime transport which are Coucil regulation 4056/86 of 22 December 1986 laying down detailed rules for the application of Articles 85 and 86 ot the Treaty to maritime transport and Commission Regulation (EC) No 870/95 of 20 April 1995 (consortia).