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The Role of Belgium in the European Integration of the 1950s

比利时在 20 世纪 50 年代欧洲一体化中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
08630081
负责人：
KOJIMA Takeshi
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Rissho University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08630081/
关键词：
Schuman Plan European Coal and Steel Community ECSC Belgian Economy Belgian Coal Industry 欧州統合

项目摘要

The aim of this study is to analyze the role of Belgium in the European integration of the 1950s. Then, this study focuses on the coal mining industry. Because this industry had important role for Belgian postwar reconstruction and was also integrated in European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1950s.Belgium has two coal-producing regions, one is southern Belgium and the other is Campine in north. The mines of southern Belgium were old and Campine was new. This awaked regional conflict in this country. Meanwhile in coal mining industry, the concentration was hastened by two greatest financial holding companies in the country.After the ECSC was established in 1952, Belgian Coal Industry had been controlled and subsidized by teh national government and the High Authority of ECSC.But Belgian coal mines remained the marginal producer in the ECSC and fell in the crisis of 1958.On the other hand, most industries except coal had supported the ECSC,for they could import cheap and good quality coal and compete against the other countries. And Belgium and western European Interdependence had been increased in the 1950s. This is why Belgium had supported the European integration after the Treaty of Paris was signed.

本研究的目的是分析比利时在20世纪50年代欧洲一体化中的作用。然后，本研究的重点是煤炭开采行业。因为该行业在比利时战后重建中发挥了重要作用，并且在20世纪50年代也被纳入了欧洲煤钢共同体。比利时有两个产煤地区，一个是比利时南部，另一个是北部的坎平。比利时南部的矿山是古老的，而坎平是新的。这唤醒了这个国家的地区冲突。与此同时，在煤矿行业，两家最大的金融控股公司加速了集中。1952年比利时煤炭委员会成立后，比利时煤炭工业一直由国家政府和比利时煤炭委员会高级管理局控制和补贴。但是比利时的煤矿仍然是ECSC的边缘生产者，并在1958年的危机中衰落。另一方面，除煤炭以外的大多数工业都支持ECSC，因为它们可以进口廉价和优质的煤炭，与其他国家竞争。比利时和西欧的相互依存在20世纪50年代有所增加。这就是比利时在《巴黎条约》签署后支持欧洲一体化的原因。