Genetic diversity as to endemic, relict plants

特有孑遗植物的遗传多样性

• 批准号: 08640884
• 负责人: UEDA Kunihiko
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Kanazawa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08640884/
• 关键词: phylogeny of populations; genetic flow; genetic diversity; organella capture; relict plants; endemism; 細胞質キャプチャ; 遺存種; 絶滅; ハイマツ; キタゴヨウ; ヒトツバタゴ

Genetic variation in an endangered tree species, Chionanthus retusus, was examined using enzyme electrophoresis. This species occurs in Japan only in two restricted areas : at the northernmost tip of Tsushima Island, and in the eastern Gifu Prefecture (Tono region) of central Honshu. In the Tono region, the habitat of C.retusus is becoming fragmented under the influence of human activity and each stand contains a few individuals of C.retusus, while the population on Tsushima consists of approximately 1000 individuals. From the fossil evedence, C.retusus has been distrubuted continuously including the both two regions, and the present distribution is apparently relic in Japan. In contrast to the Tono population, the population of Tsushima seems to be stable. Comparing the genetic diversity and differentiation of the populations between these two regions should shed light on how a relic woody long-lived plant keeps and/or looses its genetic diversity, and how a population differentiates from other disjunct populations.Allozyme electrophoresis of 18 loci for the Tono region indicated that 22.2% of the loci are polymorphic (P) with a gene diversity of (h) 0.087. The population of Tsushima has 38.9% polymorphic loci and gene diversity of 0.149. We could not find any spatial genetic structure of C.retusus in the Tono region by spatial autocorrelation analysis. These results suggest that considerable genetic variation is still present in the Tono region and the influence of the recent habitat fragmentation seems not so large, yet. Because C.retusus is a long-livied tree, the population history may hinder the effect of the fragmentation at present.The genetic diversity (GST) between the populations of the Tono and Tsushima is 0.280, showing the genetic differentiation between these two regions has occurred.

利用酶电泳技术对濒危树种白绒蒿的遗传变异进行了研究。本种仅在日本的两个限制地区出现：对马岛的最北端和本州中部的岐阜县东部（户野地区）。在东野地区，由于人类活动的影响，C.retusus的栖息地变得支离破碎，每个林分都有几个C.retusus个体，而对马的种群约有1000个个体。从化石证据来看，凹背石首鱼在这两个地区的分布是连续的，目前在日本的分布显然是遗迹。与远野的人口相比，对马的人口似乎是稳定的。通过对东野地区18个位点的等位酶电泳分析表明，东野地区18个位点的多态性（P）为22.2%，基因多样性（h）为0.087。对马种群的多态位点率为38.9%，基因多样性为0.149。通过空间自相关分析，未发现托诺地区凹背锦鸡儿的空间遗传结构。这些结果表明，相当大的遗传变异仍然存在于托诺地区和最近的栖息地破碎化的影响似乎不是那么大，但。由于乌骨木是一种长寿树，种群历史可能会阻碍目前的破碎化效应，东野和对马两个种群的遗传多样性（GST）为0.280，表明两个区域之间已经发生了遗传分化。

项目成果

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