Concept Structuring of Transportation Demand Management Considering Safety and Environment in Urban Area and Analysis of Effects of it's Introduction

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This study aims to examine the structure of objectives and measures of Transportation Demand Management (TDM) for the purpose of obtaining social agreement, considering urban structure and traffic conditions of our country. We also investigated some examples of TDM measures which were implemented in other countries, and showed some issues for introducing those measures in Japan.In this study, we carried out consciousness surveys to both professionals and citizen in different size of cities (Osaka, Kobe and Tokushima Cities), on the basis of the results of the surveys we exmined the structure of objectives and measures of TDM and analyzed the acceptability of introduction of packages of several TDM measures (package approach). The contents of the survey are the followings.1. Neccesities and objectives of TDM2. Importance of each objective3. Acceptability of each TDM measure4. Acceptability of packages of TDM measures5. Effect of TDM measures on decrease in car useThe high necessity of introduction of TDM was recognized by both professionals and citizen, and they placed importance on decrease in traffic congestion and improvement of urban environment. Measures of improving public transportation services were evaluated much higher than traffic restraint measures. Package approach (introducing packages of measures of improving public transportation services and restraining car traffic) was effective to increase acceptability of TDM measures and was expected to reduce car use. Package approach was pointed to be a key factor for obtaining social agreement in introducing TDM measures in other countries, which was also revealed in our country through our study.