Estimation and Evaluation of Effects of Transportation Demand Management Measures for Trucks on the Improvement of Environment along Arterial Roads

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The Hanshin coastal area is one of the most densely industrial districts in Japan. It includes the ports of Kobe and Osaka, and Hanshin industrial area, which stretches along the Osaka Bay coastline. As a result, a tremendous amount of freight vehicle traffic is concentrated in this area. Nitrogen oxide (NOx) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) discharged from large trucks are a serious environment problem, especially along arterial roads. This study aims to estimate and evaluate the effects of TDM (Transportation Demand Management) measures for trucks on the improvement of environment along major roads. Main contents of this study are the followings.a) Analysis of traffic flow pattern of trucks in Hanshin coastal area and their negative impacts on environment.b) Analysis of attitude to the introduction of TDM measures for trucks on the basis of the findings of opinion survey to business establishments.c) Estimation and evaluation of the effects of specific TDM measures, especially tax (including fuel tax, carbon tax) for reducing car traffic, and road pricing for diverting truck traffic from environmentally vulnerable area.d) Development of information systems using GPS (Global Positioning System) to make fleet operation and management more efficient, and examination of their effectiveness by field experiments.e) Examination of the possibilities of introduction of a specific TDM measure (consolidated freight transportation system) in the Hanshin area through its demonstration project.