Fundamental and clinical studies on roles of keratinocyte growth factor in relapse and progression in prostatic cancer by means of molecular biological techniques

采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测40例良性前列腺增生（BPH）临床标本和50例前列腺癌临床标本中角质细胞生长因子（KGF） mRNA和KGF受体（KGF R） mRNA的表达。BPH临床标本中，分别有14例（35%）、9例（23%）和3例（8%）KGF和KGF R mRNA均阳性、KGF mRNA单独阳性和KGF R mRNA单独阳性。在前列腺癌标本中，分别有24例（48%）、14例（28%）和6例（12%）分别表达KGF和KGF R mRNA、单独表达KGF mRNA和单独表达KGF R mRNA。30例未经治疗的前列腺癌标本中，21例KGF mRNA阳性，而20例激素难治性前列腺癌标本中，17例表达KGF mRNA。我们还通过原位杂交检测了临床标本中KGF mRNA的定位。对于BPH标本，在腺体周围的间质细胞中发现了KGF mRNA的显著表达，但在上皮细胞中未观察到KGF mRNA的表达在本研究检查的11例前列腺癌标本中，我们在2例前列腺癌细胞中发现了KGF mRNA的表达。我们尚未通过原位杂交检查前列腺临床标本中KGF受体mRNA的定位。在本研究中，我们证实了KGF mRNA和KGF R mRNA在前列腺包括BPH和前列腺癌中的表达。我们还观察到KGF mRNA定位于BPH的间质细胞，并在癌细胞中表达。提示KGF的分泌机制可能参与BPH的发生发展，KGF的分泌机制可能参与前列腺癌的发生发展。

We examined 40 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) clinical specimens and 50 prostatic cancer clinical specimens for the expression of keraticocyte growth factor (KGF) mRNA and KGF receptor (KGF R) mRNA by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Of the BPH clinical specimens, 14(35%), 9(23%) and 3(8%) were positive for both KGF and KGF R mRNA,KGF mRNA alone and KGF R mRNA alone, respectively. Of the prostatic cancer speciments, 24(48%), 14(28%) and 6(12%) were positive for both KGF and KGF R mRNA,KGF mRNA alone and KGF R mRNA alone, respectively. Of 30 specimens of untreated prostatic cancer, 21 were positive for KGF mRNA,whereas, of 20 specimens of hormone-refractory prostatic cancer, 17 expressed the mRNA.We also examined the clinical specimens for the localization of KGF mRNA by in situ hybridization. For the BPH specimens, a remarkable expression of KGF mRNA was found in the interstitial cells surrounding the glands, but no expression of KGF mRNA was observed in the epithelial cells.2 In 2 of 11 prostate cancer specimens examined in this study, we found the expression of KGF mRNA in the prostatic cancer cells. We have not examined the clinical specimens of the prostate for the localization of KGF receptor mRNA by in situ hybridization. In this study, we confirmed the expression of KGF mRNA and KGF R mRNA in the prostate including BPH and prostatic cancer. We also observed that KGF mRNA was localized in the interstitial cells in BPH and the mRNA was expressed in the cancer cells. These findings suggested that the paracine mechanism of KGF might play a role in the development and progression of BPH and the autocrine mechanism of KGF might contributed to pathogenesis of prostatic cancer.