Evaluations of Distance Education by a Tele-Conference System and Studies of Effective Methods to Use

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We examined the feasibility of practical use of a Tele-Conference System for real-time and two-way distance education and investigated effective methods to use the media. The major findings from psychological research are as follows.l. We analyzed the evaluations of the undergraduate students attended to the distance lectures. By a factor analysis, seven factors were extracted ; "whole lecture", "TV monitor", "sounds", "screen picture", "fatigue", "question", and "expectationfor distance education". The result showed that these factors make up the impressions of undergraduates.2. We investigated the impressions of teachers who lectured through the distance education system. Most answers were favorable for a distance lecture, but mutuality of communication was evaluated insufficiency. Compared the evaluations of teachers and of undergraduate students, we confirmed the two were not different so much and confirmed that this system can provide distance mass education.3. The mental load of undergraduate students was examined based on resource theory of attention. Referring to the prior study on watching television that related to understanding a distance lecture, we suggested that efficient resource distribution promoted the understanding of distance lecture.4. We studied the method to use the education system effectively. From the considerations mentioned above, we revealed that three points are important for better use : "clearness of the screen", "keeping up undergraduates'interest", and "increases in two-way communication". The concrete methods to improve these points were proposed.