Converting the Lignocellulosic Feedstock into Gaseous Bioenergy through Efficient Anaerobic Digester and Bio-based Fiber Products Derivate

在材料应用中用生物原材料替代化石原材料是减少人为二氧化碳排放的一个重要步骤。在这方面，应尽可能从生物经济的意义上全面和有效地利用生物量，以最大限度地提高土地效率和对气候保护的贡献。高质量地利用迄今几乎没有利用的农业剩余物是提高效率的一个有前途的途径。然而，农业残留物的物质利用存在问题。生物材料总是具有波动的产品质量。因此，对残渣进行预处理和分离成有用的组分是必要的，也是进一步利用的关键步骤。德国和中国台湾代表着两个在各自气候区具有高度环保意识的技术领导者。德国位于温带气候区，而台湾则位于（亚）热带气候区。特别有前途的农业残留物适合于材料使用，因此将被研究的是温带气候区的谷物秸秆和（亚）热带气候区的可可和香蕉皮以及稻草。此外，番茄植物残留物在两个气候区都有产生。在该项目中，农业残留物首先在水热处理过程中消化，以将厌氧难降解纤维与非常容易发酵的成分分离。这是实现在德国与蒸汽爆炸和在台湾与超临界水的方法。然后在液/固分离器中分离。富含纤维的固体将被用作泥炭替代物和微生物纤维素生产的基质。泥炭主要用于园艺，因为它有几个优点。然而，泥炭在泥炭地中形成非常缓慢，并且必须排干CO2结合的泥炭地以进行提取。该项目将调查生产的纤维在多大程度上可以取代泥炭。在该项目中研究的第二种方法是使用固体部分作为产生目标微生物纤维素的细菌培养物的营养培养基。这些液体将用于生产能源，使用创新的两阶段沼气厂。使用有机物生产沼气是为了提供能源密集型处理的过程能量。液体馏分的TS含量非常低，这意味着在常规的完全混合的反应器中长的停留时间和因此非常大的反应器体积。为了减少这些缺点，该项目正在研究两级反应器系统。在台湾，两个发酵罐都是完全混合操作的，而德国的甲烷反应器被设计为固定床发酵罐。

The substitution of fossil raw materials with biogenic raw materials for material applications is an essential step towards reducing anthropogenic CO2 emissions. In this context, biomass should be used as holistically and efficiently as possible in the sense of the bioeconomy in order to maximize land efficiency and the contribution to climate protection. The high-quality utilization of agricultural residues, which have hardly been used to date, is a promising way to increase efficiency. However, the material use of agricultural residues is problematic. Biogenic materials always have a fluctuating product quality. Therefore, pretreatment and separation of the residues into usable components is necessary and a crucial step for further utilization. Germany and Taiwan represent two technology leaders with high environmental awareness in their respective climate zones. Germany is located in the temperate climate zone, while Taiwan is located in the (sub-)tropical climate zone. articularly promising agricultural residues that are suitable for material use and will therefore be investigated are cereal straw in the temperate climate zone and cocoa and banana peels as well as rice straw in the (sub-)tropical climate zone. In addition, tomato plant residues are produced in both climate zones. In the project, the agricultural residues are first digested in a hydrothermal treatment process to separate the anaerobically poorly degradable fibers from the very easily fermentable components. This is realized in Germany with steam explosion and in Taiwan with the supercritical water method. his is followed by separation in a liquid/solid separator. The fiber-rich solid is to be used as a peat substitute and as a substrate for microbial cellulose production. Peat is mainly used in horticulture as it has several advantages. However, peat forms very slowly in peatlands and the CO2-binding peatlands have to be drained for extraction. The project will investigate the extent to which the fibers produced can replace peat. A second approach to be investigated in the project is to use the solid fraction as a nutrient medium for bacterial cultures that produce targeted microbial cellulose. The liquid will be used to produce energy using innovative two-stage biogas plants. The use of the organics for biogas production is to provide the process energy of the energy-intensive treatment. The TS content of the liquid fraction is very low, which implies a long residence time and thus a very large reactor volume in conventional fully mixed reactors. To reduce these disadvantages, two-stage reactor systems are being investigated in the project. While in Taiwan both fermenters are operated fully mixed, the methane reactor in Germany is designed as a fixed bed fermenter.