Reaction Dynamics in Manybody Chemical Systems---Complexity and Specificity of Chemical Dynamics and its Quantum Effects---

我们研究了多体化学系统的复杂性和特异性的分子起源，如液相化学反应动力学和生物分子。这些系统的反应动力学涉及波动和集体分子运动。如何观察嵌入在许多粒子随机运动噪声中的导致特定反应的最重要的运动，已经进行了实验和理论研究。提出了处理势能面全局性质和势能面的动力学问题的方法。高非线性闪蒸光解技术，特别是红外区域的闪蒸光解技术，用于处理复杂体系的相空间动力学问题；瞬态分级技术用于检测分子尺度和超快时间域的热流。研究了细菌视紫红质与DNA分子的反应，揭示了生物分子反应中特定过程发生的原因。研究了氢液体中化学反应的振动弛豫和反应动力学的量子效应。1999年和2001年在京都举行了两次国际会议和五次国内会议。在这一年（2002年），我们总结了整个三年的活动报告（1998-2001年），包含200多页。该研究项目的成员已被邀请参加许多（100多个）国际会议。在这个项目下发表了260多篇论文。我们还邀请了几位杰出的外国科学家来进行合作工作。

We have investigated the molecular origin for the complexity and specificity of manybody chemical systems, such as chemical reaction dynamics in liquid phase and biomolecules. The reaction dynamics of those systems involves fluctuations and collective molecular motions. Experimental and theoretical studies have been made how to observe the most important motions leading to the specific reaction, which are imbedded in the noise of many particle random motions.. The methods were developed to deal with global nature of the potential energy surfaces(GPES) and the dynamics on this GPES. Highly nonlinear flash photolysis technique, especially in Infra-red region, was developed to deal with the phase space dynamics of the complex systems and Transient Grading technique for detect heat flow in molecular scale and in ultrafast time domain. Reactions of Bacteria rhodopsin and DNA molecules were examined to find our why the specific process always take place in biomolecular reactions. Quantum effects on vibrational relaxation and reaction dynamics were investigated for chemical reactions in hydrogen liquid.Two international conferences in addition to five domestic conferences were held at Kyoto in 1999 and 2001.In this year (2002) we summarize the report of whole three years activities (1998-2001) which contains more than 200 pages. Members of this research projects have been invited to many (more than 100) international conferences. More than 260 papers were published under this project. We also invited several distinguished foreign scientists to pursue the cooperative works.