Novel Characterization of Humic Substarces and this Role in the Behavior of Environmental Toxic Substances using HPLc/MS/MS

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1. Isolation and Characterization of NOM from Lake Biwa JapanLake Biwa natural organic matter (NOM) was isolated and fractionated from the Southern and Northern Lakes using the sequential membrane system installed at Kyoto University. TOC analysis of the fractionated samples indicated that the high molecular weight fractions (> 1,000 Da) of both lakes were less than 2O%, which is much less than the values reported for Lake Michigan and Suwanee River NOM (76 and 37%, respectively). The SUVA (Specific Ultra Violet Absorbance) was also measured for the fractionated Lake Biwa NOM.The higher molecular weight fractions had smaller SUVA values. Since SUVA corresponds to the content of aromatic compounds, the results indicate that the aromatic compounds in Lake Biwa NOM are less in the higher molecular weight fractions.2. Sorption of Micro-organic Pollutants with Lake Biwa NOM.JapanPyrene was selected from polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as a micro-organic pollutant. The sorption onto … More the fractionated Lake Biwa NOM was measured by batch sorption experiments. The experimental results indicated that the sorption of pyrene was controlled by the molecular weight (i.e., the greater sorption was observed for the higher molecular weight fractions of Lake Biwa NOM) not by SUVA (i.e., no distinct relationship was observed between the sorption and SUVA).3. Development of an Alternative to K_<ow> as a Predictor of Contaminant ToxicityThe aqueous-phase sorption of micro-organic pollutants into liposome and the effects of coexisting humic substances on the sorption were experimentally evaluated. The liposome, used for simulating living cell membrane, was synthesized in the laboratory, and two PAHs (pyrene and phenanthrene) were used for the experiment. The batch sorption results indicate that the sorption into liposome could be an alternative to K_<ow> for estimating the transport of micro-organic pollutants into living cells and humic substances retarded the transport by binding with micro-organic pollutants in the aqueous phase. Less