Assessment of natural environment and maintenance of infrastructure for co-existence with environment in Ariake and Yatsusiro Coastal region

有明和八代沿海地区的自然环境评估和与环境共存的基础设施维护

• 批准号: 10308026
• 负责人: TAKIKAWA Kiyoshi
• 金额: $ 22.36万
• 依托单位: KUMAMOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10308026/
• 关键词: Environment of Ariake and Yatsushiro Sea; Environment of Estuary; Richness index of Tidal Flat; Effect of Bioturbation on Denitirification rate; Denitrification of Tidal Flat; Environmental Changes of the Ariake Sea; Environmental Use Value of Ariak

(1)Numerical analysis of tidal flows and ocean waves were performed for all of Ariake-sea and the both estuary of Sirakawa and Midorikawa rivers. Velocity field characteristics and concentration distributions of suspended solids in those areas were evaluated as a function of tidal levels and river inflow rates. Also, numerical methods for analyzing the form of tidelands and their gullies were developed. Hazard Mapping for Storm Surge based on Interaction between Storm Surges, High Waves and Tide, and Their Maximum Occurrence Prediction were developed. Quasi-three dimensional ocean circulation model POM (Princeton Ocean Model) was applied to the simulation of current and material transport in the bay, which has complex bottom topography. Numerical scheme for advection computation in POM was changed from the central difference to TVD scheme to improve its transportability. Test simulation made clear the effectiveness of the modified scheme in advection term.(2) Bottom soils ware classifi … More ed to seven clasters by claster analysis with four variables, mad content, sulfieds, COD/I gnission loss and COD/mad content, and it was found that major species are different by claster. Also, authors proposed a richness index, IR, which quantitatively shows richness in benthos in tidal flats. The index is defined by the equation, IR = H' x WWU, where H' is diversity index by Shannon function and WWU is the wet weight of benthoses in unit area. The feature of the clasters of tidal flats was presented by the index in some degree but the clear difference in the index between clusters was not found, hi this year, some factors supposed to influence on the index were examined, and it was found that the appropriate length of dried period on the tidal flat may be desirable for the richness of benthoses.(3) Denitrification capability of the tidal flats in Ariake Inland Sea and Yatsushiro Inland Sea was estimated and factors that affect denitrification were determined. It was found mat denitrification capability was largely influenced by die silt and clay content of mud. Therefore the denitrification rate of tidal flats in Saga area where the silt and clay content of mud was much high was higher than the other tidal flatsexamined. And the denitrification capability is highest in summer when the source of nitrogen and carbon was rich because of heavy rainfall in the rainy season and Denitrifying bacteria was active. The objectives of this study is to evaluate the tidal action and benthic animals such asseawom in denitirification activities of the tidal flat in Shirakawa river. Experimental were conducted to determine the dependence of denitirification rate on sediment character using tubes filled with costal marine sediment both with and without sewaorm. Based on the tidalaction-dependent decrease of NO3-N concentrations, denitirification rate were calculated. The result indicate that the effect of bioturbation on denitirification rate ware influenced by sediment COD levels and redox potential.(4) On the basis on sedimentary facies, diatom and benthic foraminiferal assemblages, and ^<14> C ages of 4 piston cores, 21 to 44 meters in water depth, off Kumamoto, environmental changes in the central part of the Ariake Sea were examined during the last 10,000 years. As a results, it is clarified that marine water invaded into the area around 50 meters below a present sea level about 9,500 yrBP, and the whole area off Kumamoto became to be underlain in the central bay environment same as a present about 7,400 yrBP. Further, the marine environment spread to inland continuously and covered entirely all over the present Kumamoto Plain area about 5,400 yrBP.(5) The aim of this study is to check the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) using double-bounded dichotomous choice (DB-DC) method. Since CVM uses Stated Preference (SP) data, it can measure existence value of non-market goods. However, reliability of the evaluation is inferior to Revealed Preference (RP) Method. It is necessary to check the bias based on SP data when value of non-market goods is evaluated by CVM. There are two targets in this paper. One is a test of evaluations by CVM through different payment types. Another is to check and to get rid of a starting point bias and a yea-saying bias in DB-DC method. In this study, two types of payment way were applied. One was based on new taxation, and another was based on tax reallocation. The evaluations through two payment types were compared with theoretical results, and reliability of the evaluations by CVM was tested. Less

(1)对有江海的全部海域以及泗川河和Midorikawa河的两个河口进行了潮流和海浪的数值分析。这些地区的速度场特征和悬浮固体浓度分布作为潮汐水平和河流流入速率的函数进行了评估。此外，还提出了分析潮滩及其沟壑形态的数值方法。建立了基于风暴潮、高波、潮汐相互作用的风暴潮灾害制图及其最大发生概率预测方法。采用准三维海洋环流模式POM （Princeton ocean model）模拟了海底地形复杂的海湾内的洋流和物质输运。为了提高平流计算的可移植性，将平流计算的数值格式由中心差分格式改为TVD格式。试验模拟表明了改进方案在平流项下的有效性。(2)通过对土壤有机质含量、硫化物含量、COD/I排放损失和COD/mad含量4个变量的分类分析，将土壤有机质分类为7种，并发现不同分类的主要种类不同。作者还提出了一种定量反映滩涂底栖生物丰富度的丰富度指数IR。指数定义为IR = H′x WWU，其中H′为Shannon函数多样性指数，WWU为单位面积底栖动物的湿重。该指数在一定程度上反映了滩涂群落的特征，但在不同群落之间没有明显的差异。今年对影响该指数的因素进行了考察，发现滩涂适宜的干燥期长度可能是底栖动物丰富度的理想选择。(3)估算了有明内海和八津罗内海滩涂的反硝化能力，确定了影响反硝化的因素。研究发现，泥层的反硝化能力受淤泥粉砂和粘土含量的影响较大。因此，沙迦地区泥沙和粘土含量较高的滩涂反硝化速率高于其他滩涂。夏季降水充沛，氮碳源丰富，反硝化菌活跃，反硝化能力最强。本研究的目的是评价白川河潮滩的潮汐作用和海栖动物等底栖动物在反硝化作用中的作用。采用带和不带污水虫的沿海海洋沉积物填充管，研究了反硝化速率与沉积物特性的关系。根据NO3-N浓度随潮汐作用的下降，计算了反硝化速率。结果表明，生物扰动对反硝化速率的影响受沉积物COD水平和氧化还原电位的影响。(4)根据沉积相、硅藻和底栖有孔虫组合，以及熊本海域水深21 ~ 44 m的4个柱状岩心^<14> C年龄，研究了近1万年来有明海中部的环境变化。结果表明，海水在当前海平面以下约9500 yrBP左右侵入50米左右的区域，熊本附近的整个地区与当前约7400 yrBP一样被中央海湾环境所覆盖。海洋环境不断向内陆扩展，覆盖了目前熊本平原地区约5400 yrBP。(5)本研究的目的是使用双界二分类选择（DB-DC）方法来检验条件评估方法（CVM）。由于CVM使用的是声明偏好（SP）数据，因此可以衡量非市场商品的存在价值。然而，评价的信度不如揭示偏好法（RP）。利用CVM对非市场商品价值进行评估时，有必要对基于SP数据的偏差进行检验。本文有两个目标。一是CVM通过不同的支付方式进行评估测试。另一个是检查和消除DB-DC方法中的起点偏差和年份偏差。在本研究中，采用了两种支付方式。一个是基于新的税收，另一个是基于税收再分配。将两种支付方式的评价结果与理论结果进行了比较，验证了CVM评价的可靠性。少

项目成果

滝川清: "台風9918号による不知火海高潮災害-その残したもの-"土木学会誌. Vol.85. 41-45 (2000)

泷川清：“台风 9918 造成的不知火海风暴潮 - 留下了什么”日本土木工程学会杂志第 85 卷 41-45（2000 年）。

原田浩幸,古川憲治,滝川清: "干潟底土特性とバイオターベションが浄化に関与する微生物に与える影響"平成11年度水環境学会九州支部研究発表会講演要旨集. 21-22 (2000)

Hiroyuki Harada、Kenji Furukawa、Kiyoshi Takikawa：“潮滩土壤特性和生物扰动对参与净化的微生物的影响”1999 年水环境学会九州分会研究简报摘要 21-22 (2000)。

滝川 清,後藤 英仁: "有明海沿岸域における飛来塩分特性関する研究"平成11年度土木学会西部支部研究発表会概要集 第II部門. 360-361 (2000)

泷川清、后藤英人：《有明海沿岸地区空气中盐度特征的研究》1999年日本土木工程学会西部分会研究报告摘要集，第2部360-361（2000）。

滝川清: "白川・緑川河口域におけ流況特性と地形変化に関する研究" 平成10年度土木学会西部支部研究発表会概要集 第II部門. 268-269 (1999)

泷川清：“白川和绿川河口的水流特征和地形变化研究”1998年日本土木工程师学会西部分会研究报告摘要集，第II部268-269（1999）。

松田博貴, 長谷義隆, 滝川清: "ピストンコアに基づく有明海の後氷期における堆積過程"日本地質学会西日本支部会報. 119-8. (2001)

Hiroki Matsuda、Yoshitaka Hase、Kiyoshi Takikawa：“基于活塞岩心的有明海后冰期沉积过程”日本地质学会西日本分会公报（2001）。